28 U.S.C. § 451 — Definitions
submitted 78 years ago by ch. 646 to r/title-28-JUDICIARY-AND-JUDICIAL-PROCEDURE · 242 words · no verdicts yet
This law defines key terms used throughout Title 28, the part of federal law covering courts. It says which courts count as a "court of the United States," and defines "judge," "justice," "district," "department," and "agency."
This section defines terms used throughout this title:
- "Court of the United States" includes the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals, the district courts (as chapter 5 of this title sets them up, including the Court of International Trade), and any other court Congress created whose judges serve during good behavior.
- "District court" and "district court of the United States" mean the courts chapter 5 of this title sets up.
- "Judge of the United States" includes judges of the courts of appeals, district courts, and the Court of International Trade, plus judges of any other court Congress created whose judges serve during good behavior.
- "Justice of the United States" includes the Chief Justice of the United States and the associate justices of the Supreme Court.
- "District" and "judicial district" mean the districts listed in chapter 5 of this title.
- "Department" means one of the executive departments named in section 1 of Title 5 — unless the context shows it was meant to describe the executive, legislative, or judicial branch of government generally.
- "Agency" includes any department, independent establishment, commission, administration, authority, board, or bureau of the United States, or any corporation the United States has an ownership interest in — unless the context shows the term was meant more narrowly.
As used in this title:
The term “court of the United States” includes the Supreme Court of the United States, courts of appeals, district courts constituted by chapter 5 of this title, including the Court of International Trade and any court created by Act of Congress the judges of which are entitled to hold office during good behavior.
The terms “district court” and “district court of the United States” mean the courts constituted by chapter 5 of this title.
The term “judge of the United States” includes judges of the courts of appeals, district courts, Court of International Trade and any court created by Act of Congress, the judges of which are entitled to hold office during good behavior.
The term “justice of the United States” includes the Chief Justice of the United States and the associate justices of the Supreme Court.
The terms “district” and “judicial district” means the districts enumerated in Chapter 5 of this title.
The term “department” means one of the executive departments enumerated in section 1 of Title 5, unless the context shows that such term was intended to describe the executive, legislative, or judicial branches of the government.
The term “agency” includes any department, independent establishment, commission, administration, authority, board or bureau of the United States or any corporation in which the United States has a proprietary interest, unless the context shows that such term was intended to be used in a more limited sense.
Source credit: (June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 907; Pub. L. 86–3, § 10, Mar. 18, 1959, 73 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 89–571, § 3, Sept. 12, 1966, 80 Stat. 764; Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 213, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2661; Pub. L. 96–417, title V, § 501(10), Oct. 10, 1980, 94 Stat. 1742; Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 114, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 29.)
- 1948Enacted · Act of June 25, 1948, ch. 646 · 62 Stat. 907
- 1959Amended · Pub. L. 86-3 · 73 Stat. 9
- 1966Amended · Pub. L. 89-571 · 80 Stat. 764
- 1978Amended · Pub. L. 95-598 · 92 Stat. 2661
- 1980Amended · Pub. L. 96-417 · 94 Stat. 1742
- 1982Amended · Pub. L. 97-164 · 96 Stat. 29
A history note hasn’t been published yet. The record shows enactment by ch. 646 on 1948-06-25.
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