22 U.S.C. § 9201 — Findings; purposes
submitted 10 years ago by Pub. L. 114-122 to r/title-22-FOREIGN-RELATIONS-AND-INTERCOURSE · 626 words · no verdicts yet
Congress finds North Korea has violated nuclear commitments and UN resolutions, engaged in proliferation and illicit activity, abused its people, prioritized weapons and luxury goods, conducted cyberattacks and terrorism, and threatens United States, allied, global, and North Korean security. The chapter uses nonmilitary measures, diplomacy, relief, and prior statutory purposes.
(a) Congress finds: (1) North Korea* repeatedly violated commitments to completely, verifiably, and irreversibly dismantle nuclear programs and willfully violated multiple UN resolutions requiring it to stop developing, testing, and producing weapons of mass destruction; (2) its past actions, including transferring sensitive nuclear and missile technology to state sponsors of terrorism, create a grave proliferation risk; (3) it has repeatedly been implicated in money laundering and illicit activity, including prohibited arms sales, narcotics trafficking, counterfeiting United States currency, serious cybersecurity-undermining activity, and counterfeiting United States persons’ intellectual property; (4) it withdrew from the 1953 Korean War Armistice Agreement and provoked South Korea* by sinking the Cheonan and killing 46 crew members, shelling Yeonpyeong Island and killing four civilians, participating in the 2013 DarkSeoul cyberattacks, and planting mines that maimed two South Korean soldiers; (5) it maintains brutal political prison camps holding as many as 200,000 people in atrocious conditions with insufficient necessities and constant fear of torture or arbitrary execution; (6) it prioritizes weapons and luxury-goods procurement despite listed UN resolutions and the needs of its people; (7) persons and financial institutions transacting with or serving North Korea without safeguards against proliferation, weapons trafficking, rights abuses, illicit activity, and luxury purchases aid misuse of international finance and violate the resolutions’ intent; (8) it provides technical support and conducts destructive and coercive cyberattacks, including against Sony Pictures and other United States persons; (9) this conduct imminently threatens United States and allied security, the global economy, Armed Forces members, global finance and nonproliferation programs, and North Korean people; and (10) North Korea sponsors international terrorism, including assassination attempts against defectors and rights activists and weapons shipments to terrorists and state sponsors. (b) The chapter’s purposes are (1) nonmilitary action on this crisis, (2) diplomatic leverage for needed conduct changes, (3) reducing North Korean suffering, and (4) reaffirming section 7802 purposes.
Congress finds the following:
The Government of North Korea*—
has repeatedly violated its commitments to the complete, verifiable, and irreversible dismantlement of its nuclear weapons programs; and
has willfully violated multiple United Nations Security Council resolutions calling for North Korea* to cease development, testing, and production of weapons of mass destruction.
Based on its past actions, including the transfer of sensitive nuclear and missile technology to state sponsors of terrorism, North Korea poses a grave risk for the proliferation of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction.
The Government of North Korea has been implicated repeatedly in money laundering and other illicit activities, including—
prohibited arms sales;
narcotics trafficking;
the counterfeiting of United States currency;
significant activities undermining cybersecurity*; and
the counterfeiting of intellectual property of United States persons.
North Korea has—
unilaterally withdrawn from the Agreement Concerning a Military Armistice in Korea, signed at Panmunjom July 27, 1953 (commonly referred to as the “Korean War Armistice Agreement”); and
committed provocations against South Korea*—
by sinking the warship Cheonan and killing 46 of her crew on March 26, 2010;
by shelling Yeonpyeong Island and killing 4 South Korean civilians on November 23, 2010;
by its involvement in the “DarkSeoul” cyberattacks against the financial and communications interests of South Korea on March 20, 2013; and
by planting land mines near a guard post in the South Korean portion of the demilitarized zone that maimed 2 South Korean soldiers on August 4, 2015.
North Korea maintains a system of brutal political prison camps that contain as many as 200,000 men, women, and children, who are—
kept in atrocious living conditions with insufficient food, clothing, and medical care; and
under constant fear of torture or arbitrary execution.
North Korea has prioritized weapons programs and the procurement of luxury goods*—
in defiance of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1695 (2006), 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009), 2087 (2013), and 2094 (2013); and
in gross disregard of the needs of the people of North Korea.
Persons, including financial institutions, who engage in transactions with, or provide financial services to, the Government of North Korea and its financial institutions without establishing sufficient financial safeguards against North Korea’s use of such transactions to promote proliferation, weapons trafficking, human rights violations, illicit activity, and the purchase of luxury goods—
aid and abet North Korea’s misuse of the international financial system; and
violate the intent of the United Nations Security Council resolutions referred to in paragraph (6)(A).
The Government of North Korea has provided technical support and conducted destructive and coercive cyberattacks, including against Sony Pictures Entertainment and other United States persons.
The conduct of the Government of North Korea poses an imminent threat to—
the security of the United States and its allies;
the global economy;
the safety of members of the United States Armed Forces;
the integrity of the global financial system;
the integrity of global nonproliferation programs; and
the people of North Korea.
The Government of North Korea has sponsored acts of international terrorism, including—
attempts to assassinate defectors and human rights activists; and
the shipment of weapons to terrorists and state sponsors of terrorism.
The purposes of this chapter are—
to use nonmilitary means to address the crisis described in subsection (a);
to provide diplomatic leverage to negotiate necessary changes in the conduct of the Government of North Korea;
to ease the suffering of the people of North Korea; and
to reaffirm the purposes set forth in section 7802 of this title.
Source credit: (Pub. L. 114–122, § 2, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 94.)
- 2016Enacted · Pub. L. 114-122 · 130 Stat. 94
A history note hasn’t been published yet. The record shows enactment by Pub. L. 114-122 on 2016-02-18.
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