23 U.S.C. § 501 — Definitions
submitted 28 years ago by Pub. L. 105-178 to r/title-23-HIGHWAYS · 410 words · no verdicts yet
This section defines nine terms used in the highway research and technology chapter. They cover ideas like "incident," "intelligent transportation system," and "national architecture." These definitions apply throughout the chapter.
In this chapter, these definitions apply:
(1) Federal laboratory. Includes both a government-owned, government-operated lab and a government-owned, contractor-operated lab.
(2) Incident. A crash, natural disaster, work-zone activity, special event, or other emergency road event that hurts or slows down normal traffic flow.
(3) Innovation lifecycle. The process of innovating, made up of (A) identifying a need, (B) setting the scope of research to meet that need, (C) setting an agenda, (D) carrying out research, development, deployment, and testing of the resulting technology, and (E) evaluating the costs and benefits of that technology.
(4) Intelligent transportation infrastructure. Fully integrated public-sector intelligent transportation system components, as the Secretary* defines them.
(5) Intelligent transportation system ("ITS"). Electronics, photonics, communications, or information processing — used alone or together — to make a surface transportation system more efficient or safer.
(6) National architecture. For this chapter, the shared framework that lets different systems work together. It defines (A) the functions tied to intelligent transportation system services, (B) the physical parts or subsystems that carry out those functions, (C) how data and information flow between those subsystems, and (D) what those information flows require for communication.
(7) Project. An effort to research, develop, or test intelligent transportation systems, or any other effort that can get help under this chapter.
(8) Safety. Includes highway* and traffic safety systems, research, and development related to vehicles, highways, drivers, passengers, bicyclists, and pedestrians, plus accident investigations, communications, emergency medical care, and transporting injured people.
(9) Standard. A document that (A) sets technical specs or precise criteria for intelligent transportation systems, meant to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, or definitions so materials, products, processes, and services fit their intended purpose; and (B) may support the national architecture and encourage (i) wider use and adoption of intelligent transportation system technology in U.S. surface transportation, and (ii) different states' systems working together.
In this chapter, the following definitions apply:
The term “Federal laboratory” includes a Government-owned, Government-operated laboratory and a Government-owned, contractor-operated laboratory.
The term “incident” means a crash, natural disaster, workzone activity, special event, or other emergency road user occurrence that adversely affects or impedes the normal flow of traffic.
The term “innovation lifecycle” means the process of innovating through—
the identification of a need;
the establishment of the scope of research to address that need;
setting an agenda;
carrying out research, development, deployment, and testing of the resulting technology or innovation; and
carrying out an evaluation of the costs and benefits of the resulting technology or innovation.
The term “intelligent transportation infrastructure” means fully integrated public sector intelligent transportation system components, as defined by the Secretary*.
The terms “intelligent transportation system” and “ITS” mean electronics, photonics, communications, or information processing used singly or in combination to improve the efficiency or safety of a surface transportation system.
For purposes of this chapter, the term “national architecture” means the common framework for interoperability that defines—
the functions associated with intelligent transportation system user services;
the physical entities or subsystems within which the functions reside;
the data interfaces and information flows between physical subsystems; and
the communications requirements associated with the information flows.
The term “project” means an undertaking to research, develop, or operationally test intelligent transportation systems or any other undertaking eligible for assistance under this chapter.
The term “safety” includes highway* and traffic safety systems, research, and development relating to vehicle, highway, driver, passenger, bicyclist, and pedestrian characteristics, accident investigations, communications, emergency medical care, and transportation of the injured.
The term “standard” means a document that—
contains technical specifications or other precise criteria for intelligent transportation systems that are to be used consistently as rules, guidelines, or definitions of characteristics so as to ensure that materials, products, processes, and services are fit for the intended purposes of the materials, products, processes, and services; and
may support the national architecture and promote—
the widespread use and adoption of intelligent transportation system technology as a component of the surface transportation systems of the United States; and
interoperability among intelligent transportation system technologies implemented throughout the States.
Source credit: (Added Pub. L. 105–178, title V, § 5101(2), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 422; amended Pub. L. 112–141, div. E, title II, § 52001, July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 865.)
- 1998Enacted · Pub. L. 105-178 · 112 Stat. 422
- 2012Amended · Pub. L. 112-141 · 126 Stat. 865
A history note hasn’t been published yet. The record shows enactment by Pub. L. 105-178 on 1998-06-09.
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