42 U.S.C. § 14504 — Liability for noneconomic loss

(a) General rule. If someone sues a volunteer over something the volunteer did while acting within their responsibilities to a nonprofit organization or government body, how much that volunteer owes for "noneconomic loss" — non-money harm, like pain and suffering — follows subsection (b). (b) Amount of liability. (1) In general. Each volunteer defendant is liable only for the share of noneconomic loss that matches their own percentage of responsibility for the claimant's harm — never the whole amount. The court must enter a separate judgment against each volunteer defendant, for that defendant's own share only. (2) Percentage of responsibility. The judge or jury (the "trier of fact") decides what percentage of responsibility each volunteer defendant bears for the claimant's harm.