42 U.S.C. § 283q — Eureka prize competitions

(a) In general Under the general prize-competition authority in 15 U.S.C. § 3719, the Director of NIH must support prize competitions for one or both of these goals: (1) finding and funding areas of biomedical science that a prize competition could meaningfully advance; and (2) improving health outcomes, especially for diseases and conditions that fit at least one of these — (A) public and private research investment in them is disproportionately small compared to what the government spends preventing and treating them, so that federal spending on health programs would drop if research improved; (B) they're serious and cause a significant disease burden in the United States; or (C) there's real potential for a strong return on U.S. investment. (b) Tracking; reporting The Director must collect information on how innovations funded by these prize competitions have advanced biomedical science or improved health outcomes, and on how those innovations affected federal spending. The Director must include this information in the triennial report required under 42 U.S.C. § 283.