7 U.S.C. § 1309 — Normally planted acreage and target prices

(a) Authorized planted acreage for 1982 through 1995 crops of wheat and feed grains as a prerequisite for loans, and eligibility. When a set-aside program applies to one or more 1982–1995 wheat or feed-grain crops, the Secretary of Agriculture may require producers, as a condition for loans, purchases, and payments under the Agricultural Act of 1949, not to exceed the farm’s acreage normally planted to crops designated by the Secretary. The Secretary may adjust that acreage as necessary to be fair and equitable among producers, and must reduce it by any set-aside or diverted acreage. The Secretary determines normal crop acreage for each crop year as provided by the Secretary. The Secretary may require participating producers to keep records the Secretary considers necessary to make the determination. (b) Established-price payments. Despite any other law: (1) When the Secretary requires the subsection (a) acreage limit for a 1982–1995 wheat or feed-grain crop, the Secretary may increase established-price payments for the commodity. If no such payment is in effect, the Secretary may provide one. The amount must be what the Secretary decides is appropriate to compensate producers for staying within normal acreage and participating in any required set-aside for that commodity. (2) In setting a payment amount, the Secretary must consider changes in production costs caused by staying within normal acreage and participating in the required set-aside. (3) If the Secretary provides payments for one commodity, the Secretary may provide payments for another commodity in an amount the Secretary decides is needed for the program to operate effectively. (4) The Secretary must adjust payments under this subsection to reflect all or part of any land-diversion payments for the commodity for which an increase is set. (c) Marketing quotas for 1987 through 1995 wheat crops. When marketing quotas apply to a 1987–1995 wheat crop, the Secretary may require, as a condition for loans, purchases, and payments for any commodity under the Agricultural Act of 1949, that acreage normally planted to crops designated by the Secretary be reduced by an amount equal to: (1) the acreage the Secretary determines would normally be planted to wheat on the farm, minus (2) the farm’s individual farm-program acreage under section 107B(d)(3)(A) of that Act.