10 U.S.C. § 847 — Art. 47. Refusal of person not subject to chapter to appear, testify, or produce evidence

(a)(1) A person described in paragraph (2) commits an offense against the United States by willfully failing or refusing to appear, or willfully refusing to qualify as a witness, testify, or produce required evidence. (2) These people are (A) a person outside this chapter who receives a witness subpoena or process under article 46(c) and is offered government reimbursement for fees and mileage at United States-court witness rates, or is advanced those amounts because of extraordinary hardship; and (B) a person outside this chapter who receives a subpoena or process under article 46(d). (b) The person must be prosecuted by indictment or information in a United States district court or a court with original criminal jurisdiction in a United States commonwealth or possession. Those courts have jurisdiction. On conviction, the court may impose a fine, imprisonment, or both. (c) After a military court, commission, court of inquiry, board, or convening authority certifies the facts, the United States attorney or the officer prosecuting for the United States in the relevant court must file an information and prosecute the violator. (d) Witness fees and mileage must be advanced or paid from witness-compensation appropriations.