10 U.S.C. § 321 — Training and exercises with friendly foreign countries: payment of training and exercise expenses

(a) Training Authorized. (1) U.S. armed forces can train with the military or similar security forces of a friendly foreign country, if the Secretary of Defense decides doing so serves U.S. national security. (2) That training must, as much as practical, support the mission-essential tasks of the U.S. unit taking part. (3) The training must also, as much as practical, include teaching respect for human rights and basic freedoms, and respect for the foreign country's legitimate civilian government. (b) Authority To Pay Training and Exercise Expenses. Under regulations required by subsection (f), a military department Secretary or a combatant command's commander can pay, or approve payment for: expenses of forces assigned to that command for this training; the extra costs a friendly foreign country incurs directly because it took part in this training; and small-scale construction directly tied to carrying out the training. (c) Purpose of Training and Exercises. (1) The main goal of any training paid for under subsection (b) must be to train U.S. forces. (2) Choosing which foreign partners to train with should follow the Defense Department's security cooperation guidance. (d) Availability of Funds for Activities That Cross Fiscal Years. Money set aside for these payments in one fiscal year can still be used for training that starts that year but ends in the next fiscal year. (e) Quarterly Report. At least once every 90 days, the Secretary of Defense must send Congress's relevant committees a report on the training and exercises done under this section in that period. (f) Regulations. (1) The Secretary of Defense must write regulations to run this section and send them to the Senate and House Armed Services Committees. (2) Those regulations must require: that training can only happen under this section with the Secretary's prior approval; accounting steps to make sure spending is appropriate; and rules limiting payment of a foreign country's extra expenses to developing countries only, except in unusual cases the regulations spell out.