r/title-50-WAR-AND-NATIONAL-DEFENSE wiki — defined terms
The statute’s own glossary: every term Title 50 defines, in section order.
“premium” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “premium” means the amount specified in an insurance policy to be paid to keep the policy in force. (3) Insured
“personal property” applies in that section
The term “personal property” means intangible and tangible property (including motor vehicles). (2) Taxation
“tax jurisdiction” applies in that section
The term “tax jurisdiction” means a State or a political subdivision of a State.
“taxation” applies in that section
The term “taxation” includes licenses, fees, or excises imposed with respect to motor vehicles and their use, if the license, fee, or excise is paid by the servicemember in the servicemember’s State of domicile or residence. (3) Tax jurisdiction
“active duty” applies in that section
The term “active duty” has the meaning given that term in section 101(d)(1) of title 10 . (2) Profession
“profession” applies in that section
The term “profession” includes occupation. (3) Professional
“professional” applies in that section
The term “professional” includes occupational.
“covered license” applies in that section
The term “covered license” means a professional license that, with respect to a scope of practice— (A) is in good standing with the licensing authority that issued such license; (B) has not been revoked or had discipline imposed by any State; (C) does not have an investigation relating to unprofessional conduct pending in any State relating to it; and (D) has not been voluntarily surrendered while under investigation for unprofessional conduct in any State.;
“license” applies in that section
The term “license” means any license, certificate, or other evidence of qualification that an individual is required to obtain before the individual may engage in, or represent himself or herself to be a member of, a particular profession.;
“licensing authority” applies in that section
The term “licensing authority” means any State board, commission, department, or agency that— (A) is established in the State for the primary purpose of regulating the entry of persons into or the conduct of persons within, a particular profession; and (B) is authorized to issue licenses.;
“military orders” applies in that section
The term “military orders” has the meaning given such term in section 3955 of this title .;
“scope of practice” applies in that section
The term “scope of practice” means the defined parameters of various duties or services that may be provided by an individual under a license.
“civilian American citizen” applies in that section
the term “civilian American citizen” means any person who, being then a citizen of the United States, was captured by the Imperial Japanese Government on or after December 7, 1941 , at Midway, Guam, Wake Island, the Philippine Islands, or any Territory or possession of the United States attacked or invaded by such government, or while in transit to or from any such place, or who went into hiding at any such place in order to avoid capture or internment by such government; except (1) a person who at any time voluntarily gave aid to, collaborated with, or in any manner served such government, or (2) a person who at the time of his capture or entrance into hiding was a regularly appointed, …
“civilian American citizens” applies in that section
the term “civilian American citizens” means any person who, being then a citizen of the United States, was captured in Korea on or after June 25, 1950 , by any hostile force with which the Armed Forces of the United States were actually engaged in armed conflict subsequent to such date and prior to August 21, 1954 , or who went into hiding in Korea in order to avoid capture or internment by any such hostile force; except (A) a person who at any time voluntarily, knowingly, and without duress, gave aid to or collaborated with or in any manner served any such hostile force, or (B) a regularly appointed, enrolled, enlisted, or inducted member of the Armed Forces of the United States.
“prisoner of war” applies in that section
the term “prisoner of war” means any regularly appointed, enrolled, enlisted, or inducted member of the military or naval forces of the United States who was held as a prisoner of war for any period of time subsequent to December 7, 1941 , by any government of any nation with which the United States has been at war subsequent to such date.
“merchant seaman” applies in that section
the term “merchant seaman” means any individual who was employed as a seaman or crew member on any vessel registered under the laws of the United States, or under the laws of any government friendly to the United States during World War II, and who was a citizen of the United States on and after December 7, 1941 , to the date of his death or the date of filing claim under this section; except any such individual who is entitled to, or who has received, benefits under section 4104 of this title as a “civilian American citizen”.
“Board” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Board” means the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Board of Directors established in section 4216 of this title ; and;
“Commission” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Commission” means the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, established by the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians Act ( Public Law 96–317 ; 50 U.S.C. App. 1981 note). 1
“eligible individual” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “eligible individual” means any individual of Japanese ancestry, or the spouse or a parent of an individual of Japanese ancestry, who is living on August 10, 1988 , and who, during the evacuation, relocation, and internment period— (A) was a United States citizen or a permanent resident alien; and (B) (i) was confined, held in custody, relocated, or otherwise deprived of liberty or property as a result of— (I) Executive Order Numbered 9066, dated February 19, 1942 ; (II) the Act entitled “An Act to provide a penalty for violation of restrictions or orders with respect to persons entering, remaining in, leaving, or committing any act in military areas or zones”, approved March 21, …
“evacuation, relocation, and internment period” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “evacuation, relocation, and internment period” means that period beginning on December 7, 1941 , and ending on June 30, 1946 ;
“Fund” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Fund” means the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund established in section 4214 of this title ;
“permanent resident alien” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “permanent resident alien” means an alien lawfully admitted into the United States for permanent residence;
“discretionary appropriations” applies in that section
the term “discretionary appropriations” has the meaning given that term in section 900(c)(7) of title 2 ; and;
“entitlement” applies in that section
the term “entitlement” means “spending authority” as defined in section 651(c)(2)(C) 1 of title 2.
“Administrator” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Administrator” means the person appointed by the Secretary under section 4234 of this title ;
“affected Aleut villages” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “affected Aleut villages” means the surviving Aleut villages of Akutan, Atka, Nikolski, Saint George, Saint Paul, and Unalaska, and the Aleut village of Attu, Alaska;
“Association” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Association” means the Aleutian/Pribilof Islands Association, Inc., a nonprofit regional corporation established for the benefit of the Aleut people and organized under the laws of the State of Alaska;
“Corporation” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Corporation” means the Aleut Corporation, a for-profit regional corporation for the Aleut region organized under the laws of the State of Alaska and established under section 1606 of title 43 ;
“eligible Aleut” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “eligible Aleut” means any Aleut living on August 10, 1988 — (A) who, as a civilian, was relocated by authority of the United States from his or her home village on the Pribilof Islands or the Aleutian Islands west of Unimak Island to an internment camp, or other temporary facility or location, during World War II; or (B) who was born while his or her natural mother was subject to such relocation;
“Fund” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Fund” means the Aleutian and Pribilof Islands Restitution Fund established in section 4233 of this title ; and;
“Secretary” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Interior;
“World War II” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “World War II” means the period beginning on December 7, 1941 , and ending on September 2, 1945 .
“person” applies in that section
the term “person” means an individual, partnership, association, or corporation. (4) The authority granted to the President by this section does not include the authority to regulate or prohibit, directly or indirectly, the importation from any country, or the exportation to any country, whether commercial or otherwise, regardless of format or medium of transmission, of any information or informational materials, including but not limited to, publications, films, posters, phonograph records, photographs, microfilms, microfiche, tapes, compact disks, CD ROMs, artworks, and news wire feeds.
“United States” applies in that section
the term “United States” means the United States and any place subject to the jurisdiction thereof: Provided, however , That the foregoing shall not be construed as a limitation upon the power of the President, which is hereby conferred, to prescribe from time to time, definitions, not inconsistent with the purposes of this subdivision, for any or all of the terms used in this subdivision. As used in this subdivision
“unallocated interest fund” applies throughout its chapter
the term “unallocated interest fund” means the sum of (1) the earnings and profits accumulated prior to March 4, 1923 , and attributable to investments and reinvestments under section 4312 of this title by the Secretary of the Treasury, plus (2) the earnings and profits accumulated on or after March 4, 1923 , in respect of the earnings and profits referred to in clause (1) of this section.
“member of the former ruling family” applies throughout its chapter
the term “member of the former ruling family” means (1) any person who was at any time between April 6, 1917 , and July 2, 1921 , the German Emperor or the ruler of any constituent kingdom of the German Empire, or (2) the wife or any child of such person.
“book value” applies in that section
the term “book value” means the value, as of the time of vesting, entered on the books of the Alien Property Custodian for the purpose of accounting for the property or interest involved; or (E) a foreign corporation or association which at any time after December 7, 1941 , was controlled or 50 per centum or more of the stock of which was owned by any person or persons ineligible to receive a return under subdivisions (A), (B), (C), or (D) hereof: Provided , That notwithstanding the provisions of this subdivision (E), return may be made to a corporation or association so controlled or owned, if such corporation or association was organized under the laws of a nation any of whose territory …
“date of cessation of hostilities” applies in that section
the term “date of cessation of hostilities” shall mean the date of enactment of this Act; (3) with respect to any other war
“person” applies in that section
the term “person” means any individual, partnership, association, company, or other unincorporated body of individuals, or corporation or body politic; (2) with respect to any country with which the United States was at war on January 1, 1946 ,
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives; and (2) in the case of an action described in subsection (a) involving materials critical to national security (as defined in section 4552(7)(B)(ii)(II)(bb) of this title ), the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives.
“critical component” applies throughout its chapter
The term “critical component” includes such components, subsystems, systems, and related special tooling and test equipment essential to the production, repair, maintenance, or operation of weapon systems or other items of equipment identified by the President as being essential to the execution of the national security strategy of the United States.
“critical infrastructure” applies throughout its chapter
The term “critical infrastructure” means any systems and assets, whether physical or cyber-based, so vital to the United States that the degradation or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on national security, including, but not limited to, national economic security and national public health or safety. (3) Critical technology
“critical technology” applies throughout its chapter
The term “critical technology” includes any technology designated by the President to be essential to the national defense. (4) Critical technology item
“critical technology item” applies throughout its chapter
The term “critical technology item” means materials directly employing, derived from, or utilizing a critical technology. (5) Defense contractor
“defense contractor” applies throughout its chapter
The term “defense contractor” means any person who enters into a contract with the United States— (A) to furnish materials, industrial resources, or a critical technology for the national defense; or (B) to perform services for the national defense. (6) Domestic industrial base
“domestic industrial base” applies throughout its chapter
The term “domestic industrial base” means domestic sources which are providing, or which would be reasonably expected to provide, materials or services to meet national defense requirements during peacetime, national emergency, or war. (7) Domestic source (A) In general Except as provided in subparagraph (B),
“domestic source” applies throughout its chapter
the term “domestic source” means a business concern— (i) that performs in the United States or Canada substantially all of the research and development, engineering, manufacturing, and production activities required of such business concern under a contract with the United States relating to a critical component or a critical technology item; and (ii) that procures from business concerns described in clause (i) substantially all of any components and assemblies required under a contract with the United States relating to a critical component or critical technology item. (B) Domestic source for subchapter II (i) In general For purposes of subchapter II,
“facilities” applies throughout its chapter
The term “facilities” includes all types of buildings, structures, or other improvements to real property (but excluding farms, churches or other places of worship, and private dwelling houses), and services relating to the use of any such building, structure, or other improvement. (9) Foreign source
“foreign source” applies throughout its chapter
The term “foreign source” means a business entity other than a “domestic source”. (10) Guaranteeing agency
“guaranteeing agency” applies throughout its chapter
The term “guaranteeing agency” means a department or agency of the United States engaged in procurement for the national defense. (11) Homeland security
“homeland security” applies throughout its chapter
The term “homeland security” includes efforts— (A) to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States; (B) to reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism; (C) to minimize damage from a terrorist attack in the United States; and (D) to recover from a terrorist attack in the United States. (12) Industrial resources
“industrial resources” applies throughout its chapter
The term “industrial resources” means materials, services, processes, or manufacturing equipment (including the processes, technologies, and ancillary services for the use of such equipment) needed to establish or maintain an efficient and modern national defense industrial base. (13) Materials
“materials” applies throughout its chapter
The term “materials” includes— (A) any raw materials (including minerals, metals, and advanced processed materials), commodities, articles, components (including critical components), products, and items of supply; and (B) any technical information or services ancillary to the use of any such materials, commodities, articles, components, products, or items. (14) National defense
“national defense” applies throughout its chapter
The term “national defense” means programs for military and energy production or construction, military or critical infrastructure assistance to any foreign nation, homeland security, stockpiling, space, and any directly related activity. Such term includes emergency preparedness activities conducted pursuant to title VI of The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act [ 42 U.S.C. 5195 et seq.] and critical infrastructure protection and restoration. (15) Person
“person” applies throughout its chapter
The term “person” includes an individual, corporation, partnership, association, or any other organized group of persons, or legal successor or representative thereof, or any State or local government or agency thereof. (16) Services
“services” applies throughout its chapter
The term “services” includes any effort that is needed for or incidental to— (A) the development, production, processing, distribution, delivery, or use of an industrial resource or a critical technology item; (B) the construction of facilities; (C) the movement of individuals and property by all modes of civil transportation; or (D) other national defense programs and activities. (17) Small business concern
“small business concern” applies throughout its chapter
The term “small business concern” means a business concern that meets the requirements of section 632(a) of title 15 and the regulations promulgated pursuant to that section, and includes such business concerns owned and controlled by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals or by women.
“antitrust laws” applies throughout its chapter
The term “antitrust laws” has the meaning given to such term in subsection (a) of section 12 of title 15 , except that such term includes section 45 of title 15 to the extent that such section 45 applies to unfair methods of competition. (2) Plan of action
“plan of action” applies throughout its chapter
The term “plan of action” means any of 1 or more documented methods adopted by participants in an existing voluntary agreement to implement that agreement. (c) Prerequisites for agreements and plans of action; delegation of authority to Presidential designees (1) Upon finding that conditions exist which may pose a direct threat to the national defense or its preparedness programs, the President may consult with representatives of industry, business, financing, agriculture, labor, and other interests in order to provide for the making by such persons, with the approval of the President, of voluntary agreements and plans of action to help provide for the national defense.
“chairperson” applies in that section
The terms “Committee” and “chairperson” mean the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States and the chairperson thereof, respectively. (3) Control
“Committee” applies in that section
The terms “Committee” and “chairperson” mean the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States and the chairperson thereof, respectively. (3) Control
“control” applies in that section
The term “control” means the power, direct or indirect, whether exercised or not exercised, to determine, direct, or decide important matters affecting an entity, subject to regulations prescribed by the Committee. (4) Covered transaction (A) In general Except as otherwise provided,
“covered transaction” applies in that section
the term “covered transaction” means— (i) any transaction described in subparagraph (B)(i); and (ii) any transaction described in clauses (ii) through (v) of subparagraph (B) that is proposed, pending, or completed on or after the effective date set forth in section 1727 of the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018.
“critical infrastructure” applies in that section
The term “critical infrastructure” means, subject to regulations prescribed by the Committee, systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems or assets would have a debilitating impact on national security. (6) Critical technologies (A) In general
“critical technologies” applies in that section
The term “critical technologies” means the following: (i) Defense articles or defense services included on the United States Munitions List set forth in the International Traffic in Arms Regulations under subchapter M of chapter I of title 22, Code of Federal Regulations. (ii) Items included on the Commerce Control List set forth in Supplement No.
“foreign government-controlled transaction” applies in that section
The term “foreign government-controlled transaction” means any covered transaction that could result in the control of any United States business by a foreign government or an entity controlled by or acting on behalf of a foreign government. (8) Intelligence community
“intelligence community” applies in that section
The term “intelligence community” has the meaning given that term in section 3003(4) of title 50 . (9) Investment
“investment” applies in that section
The term “investment” means the acquisition of equity interest, including contingent equity interest, as further defined in regulations prescribed by the Committee. (10) Lead agency
“lead agency” applies in that section
The term “lead agency” means the agency or agencies designated as the lead agency or agencies pursuant to subsection (k)(5). (11) Party
“material nonpublic technical information” applies in that section
the term “material nonpublic technical information” means information that— (aa) provides knowledge, know-how, or understanding, not available in the public domain, of the design, location, or operation of critical infrastructure; or (bb) is not available in the public domain, and is necessary to design, fabricate, develop, test, produce, or manufacture critical technologies, including processes, techniques, or methods. (II) Exemption for financial information Notwithstanding subclause (I), for purposes of this subparagraph, the term “material nonpublic technical information” does not include financial information regarding the performance of a United States business.
“other investment” applies in that section
the term “other investment” means an investment, direct or indirect, by a foreign person in a United States business described in that subparagraph that is not an investment described in subparagraph (B)(i) and that affords the foreign person— (I) access to any material nonpublic technical information in the possession of the United States business; (II) membership or observer rights on the board of directors or equivalent governing body of the United States business or the right to nominate an individual to a position on the board of directors or equivalent governing body; or (III) any involvement, other than through voting of shares, in substantive decisionmaking of the United States …
“party” applies in that section
The term “party” has the meaning given that term in regulations prescribed by the Committee. (12) United States
“substantial interest” applies in that section
the term “substantial interest” has the meaning given that term in regulations which the Committee shall prescribe. In developing those regulations, the Committee shall consider the means by which a foreign government could influence the actions of a foreign person, including through board membership, ownership interest, or shareholder rights. An interest that is excluded under subparagraph (D) of subsection (a)(4) from the term “other investment” as used in subparagraph (B)(iii) of that subsection or that is less than a 10 percent voting interest shall not be considered a substantial interest.
“United States” applies in that section
The term “United States” means the several States, the District of Columbia, and any territory or possession of the United States. (13) United States business
“United States business” applies in that section
The term “United States business” means a person engaged in interstate commerce in the United States. (b) National security reviews and investigations (1) National security reviews (A) In general Upon receiving written notification under subparagraph (C) of any covered transaction, or pursuant to a unilateral notification initiated under subparagraph (D) with respect to any covered transaction, the President, acting through the Committee— (i) shall review the covered transaction to determine the effects of the transaction on the national security of the United States; and (ii) shall consider the factors specified in subsection (f) for such purpose, as appropriate.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the congressional intelligence committees; (B) the congressional defense committees (as such term is defined in section 101(a) of title 10 ); (C) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on the Judiciary, and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives. (2) Biological data
“biological data” applies in that section
The term “biological data” means multiomic information and other relevant information, including associated descriptors, derived from the structure, function, or process of a biological system, that is either measured, collected, or aggregated for analysis, including information from humans, animals, plants, or microbes. (3) Covered entity
“covered entity” applies in that section
The term “covered entity” means a private entity involved in biological data (including biological data equipment, technologies, sequencing, or synthesis), including a biobank or other private entity that holds large amounts of biological data. (4) Foreign entity of concern
“foreign entity of concern” applies in that section
The term “foreign entity of concern” has the meaning given that term in section 19221(a) of title 42 .
“entity controlled by a foreign government” applies in that section
The term “entity controlled by a foreign government” includes— (A) any domestic or foreign organization or corporation that is effectively owned or controlled by a foreign government; and (B) any individual acting on behalf of a foreign government, as determined by the President.;
“proscribed category of information” applies in that section
The term “proscribed category of information” means a category of information that— (A) with respect to Department of Defense contracts— (i) includes special access information; (ii) is determined by the Secretary of Defense to include information the disclosure of which to an entity controlled by a foreign government is not in the national security interests of the United States; and (iii) is defined in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense for the purposes of this section; and (B) with respect to Department of Energy contracts— (i) is determined by the Secretary of Energy to include information described in subparagraph (A)(ii); and (ii) is defined in regulations prescribed …
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives.
“ancillary transaction” applies in that section
the term “ancillary transaction” means, subject to regulations prescribed by the Secretary— (i) the processing, settling, clearing, or sending of payments and cash transactions; (ii) underwriting services, including the temporary acquisition of an equity interest for the sole purpose of facilitating underwriting services; (iii) credit rating services; and (iv) other services ordinarily incident to and part of the provision of financial services, such as opening deposit accounts, direct custody services, foreign exchange services, remittances services, and safe deposit services. (5) Foreign person
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (2) Country of concern
“country of concern” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “country of concern” means— (A) the People’s Republic of China, including the Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative Regions; (B) the Republic of Cuba; (C) the Islamic Republic of Iran; (D) the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; (E) the Russian Federation; and (F) the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela under the regime of Nicolas Maduro Moros. (3) Covered foreign person Subject to regulations prescribed in accordance with this subchapter,
“covered foreign person” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “covered foreign person” means a foreign person that— (A) is incorporated in, has a principal place of business in, or is organized under the laws of a country of concern; (B) is a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party or is a member of the political leadership of a country of concern; (C) is subject to the direction or control of a country of concern, as defined by regulation, an entity described in subparagraph (A) or (B), or the state or the government of a country of concern (including any political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof); or (D) is owned in the aggregate, directly or indirectly, 50 percent or more by a country of concern, an …
“covered national security transaction” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “covered national security transaction” means a United States person’s direct or indirect— (i) acquisition of an equity interest or contingent equity interest in a covered foreign person that the United States person knows at the time of the acquisition is a covered foreign person; (ii) provision of a loan or similar debt financing arrangement to a covered foreign person that the United States person knows at the time of the provision is a covered foreign person, where such debt financing affords or will afford the United States person an interest in profits of the covered foreign person, the right to appoint members of the board of directors (or equivalent) of the covered foreign …
“foreign person” applies in that section
The term “foreign person” has the meaning given that term in regulations prescribed in accordance with this subchapter. (6) Knowledge; know
“know” applies in that section
The terms “knowledge” or “know” mean— (A) actual knowledge that a fact or circumstance exists or is substantially certain to occur; (B) an awareness of a high probability of a fact or circumstance’s existence or future occurrence; or (C) reason to know of a fact or circumstance’s existence. (7) Notifiable technology (A) In general Subject to the regulations prescribed in accordance with this subchapter,
“knowledge” applies in that section
The terms “knowledge” or “know” mean— (A) actual knowledge that a fact or circumstance exists or is substantially certain to occur; (B) an awareness of a high probability of a fact or circumstance’s existence or future occurrence; or (C) reason to know of a fact or circumstance’s existence. (7) Notifiable technology (A) In general Subject to the regulations prescribed in accordance with this subchapter,
“notifiable technology” applies in that section
the term “notifiable technology” means a technology within the following areas not already captured by the technical thresholds specified by any regulations issued in accordance with section 4581 of this title : (i) Semiconductor technology and microelectronics. (ii) Artificial intelligence systems. (iii) Quantum information technologies. (iv) High-performance computing and supercomputing. (v) Hypersonic systems.
“person” applies in that section
The term “person” includes an individual, corporation, partnership, association, or any other organized group of persons, or legal successor or representative thereof, or any State or local government or agency thereof. (10) Prohibited technology (A) In general Subject to the regulations prescribed in accordance with this subchapter,
“prohibited technology” applies in that section
the term “prohibited technology” means a technology within the following areas, as specified by the regulations: (i) Advanced semiconductor technology and microelectronics. (ii) Artificial intelligence systems. (iii) Quantum information technologies. (iv) High-performance computing and supercomputing. (v) Hypersonic systems.
“Secretary” applies in that section
the term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Treasury. (12) United States person
“United States person” applies in that section
The term “United States person” means— (A) any United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States (including any foreign branch of such an entity); or (C) any person in the United States.
“component part” applies in that section
the term “component part” means any article which is not usable for its intended functions without being imbedded in or integrated into any other product and which, if used in production of a finished product, would be substantially transformed in that process;
“finished product” applies in that section
the term “finished product” means any article which is usable for its intended functions without being imbedded or integrated into any other product, but in no case shall such term be deemed to include an article produced by a person other than a sanctioned person that contains parts or components of the sanctioned person if the parts or components have been substantially transformed during production of the finished product; and;
“foreign person” applies in that section
the term “foreign person” means any person other than a United States person.
“sanctioned person” applies in that section
the term “sanctioned person” means a foreign person, and any parent, affiliate, subsidiary, or successor entity of the foreign person, upon whom sanctions have been imposed under this section. (f) Subsequent modifications of sanctions The President may, after consultation with the Congress, limit the scope of sanctions applied to a parent, affiliate, subsidiary, or successor entity of the foreign person determined to have committed the violation on account of which the sanctions were imposed if the President determines that— (1) the parent, affiliate, subsidiary, or successor entity (as the case may be) has not, on the basis of available evidence, itself violated the export control …
“foreign person” applies in that section
the term “foreign person” means any person other than a United States person; (7);
“missile” applies in that section
the term “missile” means a category I system as defined in the MTCR Annex, and any other unmanned delivery system of similar capability, as well as the specially designed production facilities for these systems;
“missile equipment or technology” applies in that section
the terms “missile equipment or technology” and “MTCR equipment or technology” mean those items listed in category I or category II of the MTCR Annex;
“Missile Technology Control Regime” applies in that section
the term “Missile Technology Control Regime” or “MTCR” means the policy statement, between the United States, the United Kingdom, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Canada, and Japan, announced on April 16, 1987 , to restrict sensitive missile-relevant transfers based on the MTCR Annex, and any amendments thereto;
“MTCR” applies in that section
the term “Missile Technology Control Regime” or “MTCR” means the policy statement, between the United States, the United Kingdom, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Canada, and Japan, announced on April 16, 1987 , to restrict sensitive missile-relevant transfers based on the MTCR Annex, and any amendments thereto;
“MTCR adherent” applies in that section
the term “MTCR adherent” means a country that participates in the MTCR or that, pursuant to an international understanding to which the United States is a party, controls MTCR equipment or technology in accordance with the criteria and standards set forth in the MTCR;
“MTCR Annex” applies in that section
the term “MTCR Annex” means the Guidelines and Equipment and Technology Annex of the MTCR, and any amendments thereto;
“MTCR equipment or technology” applies in that section
the terms “missile equipment or technology” and “MTCR equipment or technology” mean those items listed in category I or category II of the MTCR Annex;
“otherwise engaged in the trade of” applies in that section
the term “otherwise engaged in the trade of” means, with respect to a particular export or transfer, to be a freight forwarder or designated exporting agent, or a consignee or end user of the item to be exported or transferred.
“person” applies in that section
the term “person” means a natural person as well as a corporation, business association, partnership, society, trust, any other nongovernmental entity, organization, or group, and any governmental entity operating as a business enterprise, and any successor of any such entity; and (B) in the case of countries where it may be impossible to identify a specific governmental entity referred to in subparagraph (A),
“foreign person” applies in that section
the term “foreign person” means— (1) an individual who is not a citizen of the United States or an alien admitted for permanent residence to the United States; or (2) a corporation, partnership, or other entity which is created or organized under the laws of a foreign country or which has its principal place of business outside the United States.
“administratively disallowed” applies in that section
the term “administratively disallowed” means a denial of a written claim in accordance with rules or regulations prescribed by the Administrator, War Shipping Administration. When used in this subsection the terms “War Shipping Administration” and “Administrator, War Shipping Administration” shall be deemed to include the United States Maritime Commission with respect to the period beginning October 1, 1941 , and ending February 11, 1942 , and the term “seaman” shall be deemed to include any seaman employed as an employee of the United States through the War Shipping Administration on vessels made available to or subchartered to other agencies or departments of the United States.
“the United States” applies in that section
the term “the United States” shall include agents or other persons acting for or on behalf of the Administrator in connection with the operation thereof.
“Export Administration Regulations” applies throughout its chapter
The term “Export Administration Regulations” means— (A) the Export Administration Regulations as promulgated, maintained, and amended under the authority of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act [ 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.] and codified, as of August 13, 2018 , in subchapter C of chapter VII of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations; or (B) regulations that are promulgated, maintained, and amended under the authority of subchapter I on or after August 13, 2018 . (5) Foreign person
“foreign person” applies throughout its chapter
The term “foreign person” means— (A) any natural person who is not a lawful permanent resident of the United States, citizen of the United States, or any other protected individual (as such term is defined in section 1324b(a)(3) of title 8 ); (B) any corporation, business association, partnership, trust, society or any other entity or group that is not incorporated in the United States or organized to do business in the United States, as well as international organizations, foreign governments and any agency or subdivision of a foreign government (e.g., diplomatic mission).
“item” applies throughout its chapter
The term “item” means a commodity, software, or technology. (8) Person
“person” applies throughout its chapter
The term “person” means— (A) a natural person; (B) a corporation, business association, partnership, society, trust, financial institution, insurer, underwriter, guarantor, and any other business organization, any other nongovernmental entity, organization, or group, or any government or agency thereof; and (C) any successor to any entity described in subparagraph (B).
“Secretary” applies throughout its chapter
the term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Commerce. (11) Technology
“technology” applies throughout its chapter
The term “technology” includes information, in tangible or intangible form, necessary for the development, production, or use of an item. (12) United States
“United States” applies throughout its chapter
The term “United States” means the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States. (13) United States person
“United States person” applies throughout its chapter
The term “United States person” means— (A) for purposes of subchapter I— (i) any individual who is a citizen or national of the United States or who is an individual described in subparagraph (B) of section 1324b(a)(3) of title 8 ; (ii) a corporation or other legal entity which is organized under the laws of the United States, any State or territory thereof, or the District of Columbia; and (iii) any person in the United States; and (B) for purposes of subchapter II, any United States resident or national (other than an individual resident outside the United States and employed by other than a United States person), any domestic concern (including any permanent domestic establishment of any …
“weapons of mass destruction” applies throughout its chapter
The term “weapons of mass destruction” means nuclear, radiological, chemical, and biological weapons and delivery systems for such weapons.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (i) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (ii) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and;
“covered entity” applies in that section
the term “covered entity” means any entity that— (i) is located in a country listed in Country Group D:5 under Supplement No. 1 to part 740 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations; and (ii) is included on— (I) the list maintained and set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of the Export Administration Regulations; or (II) the list maintained and set forth in Supplement No. 7 to part 744 of the Export Administration Regulations.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.