16 U.S.C. § 8001 — Definitions

In this chapter: (1) “AIS” means Automatic Identification System as defined in section 164.46 of title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations, or a similar later rule. (2) “Combined Maritime Forces” means the 33-nation naval partnership established in February 2002 that promotes security, stability, and prosperity across about 3,200,000 square miles of international waters. (3) “Exclusive economic zone” means, unless the President identifies another meaning as in the public interest in a written Federal Register notice, (A) an area within a maritime boundary established by a treaty in force or provisionally applied by the United States, or, without such a treaty, (I) a zone extending 200 nautical miles from the baseline used to measure the territorial sea, or (II) if the United States and another country are less than 400 nautical miles apart, a zone ending at the line equally distant from them. (B) Its inner boundary is, without changing a Presidential Proclamation establishing the territorial sea or zone: (i) for coastal States, the line matching each State's seaward boundary described in section 1312 of title 43; (ii) for Puerto Rico, a line 3 marine leagues from its coastline; (iii) for American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands, a line 3 geographic miles from each coastline; or (iv) for another U.S. possession, that possession's coastline. (C) This paragraph does not reduce the authority of the Defense Department, Interior Department, or another Federal department or agency. (4) “Food security” means access to, and availability, use, and stability of, enough food for an active, healthy life. (5) “Global record of fishing vessels, refrigerated transport vessels, and supply vessels” means the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations initiative to quickly make certified vessel and vessel-activity data from State authorities available. (6) “IUU fishing” means illegal, unreported, or unregulated fishing, as defined in paragraph 3 of the specified 2001 International Plan of Action. This section does not define those three terms itself. (7) “Port State Measures Agreement” means the specified 2009 Food and Agriculture Organization agreement, in force June 5, 2016, providing standards for reporting and inspecting foreign-flagged fishing vessels at ports. (8) “Priority flag state” means a country selected under section 8032(b)(3) whose flagged vessels actively engage in, knowingly profit from, or are complicit in IUU fishing and that is willing but lacks capacity to monitor or effectively enforce against its fleet. (9) “Priority region” means a region selected under section 8032(b)(2) that has high risk of IUU fishing or illegally caught seafood entering regional markets and whose countries lack capacity to fully address it. (10) “Regional Fisheries Management Organization” means an intergovernmental fisheries organization or arrangement able to establish conservation and management measures. (11) “Seafood” means (A) marine finfish, mollusks, crustaceans, and all other marine animal and plant life, including life grown, produced, or raised through marine aquaculture, but (B) not marine mammals, turtles, or birds. (12) “Transnational organized illegal activity” means criminal activity by self-perpetuating associations operating across borders to obtain power, influence, or monetary or commercial gain wholly or partly illegally, while protecting their activities through corruption, violence, a cross-border organizational structure, or exploitation of cross-border commerce or communications. (13) “Transshipment” means refrigerated vessels that (A) collect catch from several fishing boats, (B) carry the combined catch to port, and (C) supply fishing boats, allowing them to stay at sea for long periods without entering port.