r/title-22-FOREIGN-RELATIONS-AND-INTERCOURSE wiki — defined terms
The statute’s own glossary: every term Title 22 defines, in section order.
“health research” applies in that section
the term “health research” shall include, but not be limited to, research, investigations, and studies relating to causes and methods of prevention of accidents, including but not limited to highway and aviation accidents.;
“participating foreign countries” applies in that section
the term “participating foreign countries” means those foreign countries which cooperate with the United States in carrying out the purposes of this section.
“Indian reservation” applies in that section
the term “Indian reservation” has the meaning given the term “reservation” in section 1452(d) of title 25 ;
“Indian tribe” applies in that section
the term “Indian tribe” has the meaning given that term in section 5304(e) of title 25 ;
“local government” applies in that section
the term “local government” has the meaning given that term in section 3371(2) of title 5 ; and;
“rural tourism” applies in that section
the term “rural tourism” has the meaning given that term by the Secretary of Commerce and shall include activities related to travel and tourism that occur on Federal recreational sites, on Indian reservations, and in the territories, possessions, and commonwealths of the United States.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on International Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (i) Definitions In this section: (1) Developing or transitional country
“developing or transitional country” applies in that section
The term “developing or transitional country” means a country eligible to receive development assistance under this part. (2) International financial institution
“foreign participant” applies in that section
The term “foreign participant” means the national of a developing or transitional country that is receiving assistance under the program established under subsection (a) who has been designated to participate in activities under such program. (j) Authorization of appropriations (1) In general There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1999. (2) Availability of amounts Amounts authorized to be appropriated under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain available until expended.
“international financial institution” applies in that section
The term “international financial institution” means the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, the Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the African Development Fund, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Inter-American Investment Corporation, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the Bank for Economic Cooperation and Development in the Middle East and North Africa. (3) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Treasury. (4) Technical assistance
“technical assistance” applies in that section
The term “technical assistance” includes— (A) the use of short-term and long-term expert advisers to assist foreign governments and foreign central banks for the purposes described in subsection (b)(1); (B) training in the recipient country, the United States, or elsewhere for the purposes described in subsection (b)(1); (C) grants of goods, services, or funds to foreign governments and foreign central banks; (D) grants to United States nonprofit organizations to provide services or products which contribute to the provision of advice to foreign governments and foreign central banks; and (E) study tours for foreign officials in the United States or elsewhere for the purpose of providing …
“AIDS” applies in that section
The term “AIDS” means acquired immune deficiency syndrome. (2) HIV
“HIV” applies in that section
The term “HIV” means the human immunodeficiency virus, the pathogen that causes AIDS. (3) HIV/AIDS
“HIV/AIDS” applies in that section
The term “HIV/AIDS” means, with respect to an individual, an individual who is infected with HIV or living with AIDS. (4) Relevant executive branch agencies
“partner country” applies in that section
the term “partner country” means a country with a minimum United States Government investment of HIV/AIDS assistance of at least $5,000,000 in the prior fiscal year. (g) Funding limitation Of the funds made available to carry out this section in any fiscal year, not more than 7 percent may be used for the administrative expenses of the United States Agency for International Development in support of activities described in section 2151b(c) of this title , this section, section 2151b–3 of this title , and section 2151b–4 of this title . Such amount shall be in addition to other amounts otherwise available for such purposes. (h) Definitions In this section: (1) AIDS
“relevant executive branch agencies” applies in that section
The term “relevant executive branch agencies” means the Department of State, the United States Agency for International Development, the Department of Health and Human Services (including its agencies and offices), and any other department or agency of the United States that participates in international HIV/AIDS activities pursuant to the authorities of such department or agency or this chapter.
“Directly Observed Treatment Short-course” applies in that section
The term “DOTS” or “Directly Observed Treatment Short-course” means the World Health Organization-recommended strategy for treating tuberculosis including— (A) low-cost and effective diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of tuberculosis; (B) a reliable drug supply; (C) a management strategy for public health systems; (D) health system strengthening; (E) promotion of the use of the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care by all care providers; (F) bacteriology under an external quality assessment framework; (G) short-course chemotherapy; and (H) sound reporting and recording systems. (2) DOTS-Plus
“DOTS” applies in that section
The term “DOTS” or “Directly Observed Treatment Short-course” means the World Health Organization-recommended strategy for treating tuberculosis including— (A) low-cost and effective diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of tuberculosis; (B) a reliable drug supply; (C) a management strategy for public health systems; (D) health system strengthening; (E) promotion of the use of the International Standards for Tuberculosis Care by all care providers; (F) bacteriology under an external quality assessment framework; (G) short-course chemotherapy; and (H) sound reporting and recording systems. (2) DOTS-Plus
“DOTS-Plus” applies in that section
The term “DOTS-Plus” means a comprehensive tuberculosis management strategy that is built upon and works as a supplement to the standard DOTS strategy, and which takes into account specific issues (such as use of second line anti-tuberculosis drugs) that need to be addressed in areas where there is high prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. (3) Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Development
“Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Development” applies in that section
The term “Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Development” means the public-private partnership that brings together leaders in health, science, philanthropy, and private industry to devise new approaches to tuberculosis and to ensure that new medications are available and affordable in high tuberculosis burden countries and other affected countries. (4) Global Tuberculosis Drug Facility
“Global Tuberculosis Drug Facility (GDF)” applies in that section
The term “Global Tuberculosis Drug Facility (GDF)” means the new initiative of the Stop Tuberculosis Partnership to increase access to high-quality tuberculosis drugs to facilitate DOTS expansion. (5) Stop TB Strategy
“Stop TB Strategy” applies in that section
The term “Stop TB Strategy” means the 6-point strategy to reduce tuberculosis developed by the World Health Organization, which is described in the Global Plan to Stop TB 2006–2015: Actions for Life, a comprehensive plan developed by the Stop TB Partnership that sets out the actions necessary to achieve the millennium development goal of cutting tuberculosis deaths and disease burden in half by 2015. (6) Stop Tuberculosis Partnership
“Stop Tuberculosis Partnership” applies in that section
The term “Stop Tuberculosis Partnership” means the partnership of the World Health Organization, donors including the United States, high tuberculosis burden countries, multilateral agencies, and nongovernmental and technical agencies committed to short- and long-term measures required to control and eventually eliminate tuberculosis as a public health problem in the world.
“basic education” applies in that section
The term “basic education” includes— (i) measurable improvements in literacy, numeracy, and other basic skills development that prepare an individual to be an active, productive member of society and the workforce; (ii) workforce development, vocational training, and digital literacy informed by real market needs and opportunities and that results in measurable improvements in employment; (iii) programs and activities designed to demonstrably improve— (I) early childhood, preprimary education, primary education, and secondary education, which can be delivered in formal or nonformal education settings; and (II) learning for out-of-school youth and adults; and (iv) capacity building for …
“communities of learning” applies in that section
The term “communities of learning” means a holistic approach to education and community engagement in which schools act as the primary resource center for delivery of a service to the community at large, leveraging and maximizing the impact of other development efforts and reducing duplication and waste. (C) Gender parity in basic education
“gender parity in basic education” applies in that section
The term “gender parity in basic education” means that girls and boys have equal access to quality basic education. (D) Marginalized children and vulnerable groups
“marginalized children and vulnerable groups” applies in that section
The term “marginalized children and vulnerable groups” includes girls, children affected by or emerging from armed conflict or humanitarian crises, children with disabilities, children in remote or rural areas (including those who lack access to safe water and sanitation), religious or ethnic minorities, indigenous peoples, orphans and children affected by HIV/AIDS, child laborers, married adolescents, and victims of trafficking. (E) National education plan
“national education plan” applies in that section
The term “national education plan” means a comprehensive national education plan developed by partner country governments in consultation with other stakeholders as a means for wide-scale improvement of the country’s education system, including explicit, credible strategies informed by effective practices and standards to achieve quality universal basic education. (F) Nonformal education
“nonformal education” applies in that section
The term “nonformal education” means organized educational activities outside the established formal system, whether operating separately or as an important feature of a broader activity, that are intended to provide students with measurable improvements in literacy, numeracy, and other basic skills development that prepare an individual to be an active, productive member of society and the workforce. (G) Partner country
“partner country” applies in that section
The term “partner country” means a developing country that participates in or benefits from basic education programs under this subsection pursuant to the prioritization criteria described in paragraph (4), including level of need, opportunity for impact, and the availability of resources. (H) Relevant Executive branch agencies and officials
“relevant Executive branch agencies and officials” applies in that section
The term “relevant Executive branch agencies and officials” means the Department of State, the United States Agency for International Development, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Labor, the Department of Education, the Department of Agriculture, and the Department of Defense, the Chief Executive Officer of the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the National Security Advisor, and the Director of the Peace Corps. (I) Sustainability
“sustainability” applies in that section
The term “sustainability” means, with respect to any basic education program that receives funding pursuant to this section, the ability of a service delivery system, community, partner, or beneficiary to maintain, over time, such basic education program without the use of foreign assistance.
“child marriage” applies in that section
the term “child marriage” means the marriage of a girl or boy who is— (A) younger than the minimum age for marriage under the laws of the country in which such girl or boy is a resident; or (B) younger than 18 years of age, if no such law exists.
“economic assistance” applies in that section
the term “economic assistance” means assistance under chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2151 and following; relating to development assistance) and assistance under chapter 4 of part II of that Act ( 22 U.S.C. 2346 and following; relating to the economic support fund).
“gender analysis” applies in that section
the term “gender analysis”— (1) means a socioeconomic analysis of available or gathered quantitative and qualitative information to identify, understand, and explain gaps between men and women which typically involves examining— (A) differences in the status of women and men and their differential access to and control over assets, resources, education, opportunities, and services; (B) the influence of gender roles, structural barriers, and norms on the division of time between paid employment, unpaid work (including the subsistence production and care for family members), and volunteer activities; (C) the influence of gender roles, structural barriers, and norms on leadership roles and …
“AIDS” applies in that section
The term “AIDS” has the meaning given the term in section 2151b–2(g)(1) 2 of this title. (2) Children
“children” applies in that section
The term “children” means persons who have not attained 18 years of age. (3) HIV/AIDS
“HIV/AIDS” applies in that section
The term “HIV/AIDS” has the meaning given the term in section 2151b–2(g)(3) 2 of this title. (4) Orphan
“orphan” applies in that section
The term “orphan” means a child deprived by death of one or both parents. (5) Psychosocial support
“psychosocial support” applies in that section
The term “psychosocial support” includes care that addresses the ongoing psychological and social problems that affect individuals, their partners, families, and caregivers in order to alleviate suffering, strengthen social ties and integration, provide emotional support, and promote coping strategies. (c) Assistance The President is authorized to provide assistance, including providing such assistance through international or nongovernmental organizations, for programs in developing countries to provide basic care and services for orphans and other vulnerable children.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (2) the term “long-term sustainability” refers to the ability of a service delivery system, community, partner, or beneficiary to maintain, over time, any water, sanitation, or hygiene project that receives funding pursuant to the amendments made by the Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2014.
“WASH Needs Index” applies in that section
the term “WASH Needs Index” means the needs index for water, sanitation, or hygiene projects or programs authorized under this section that has been developed using the criteria and indicators described in subparagraphs (A) through (H) of subsection (f)(1).
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the of the 1 House of Representatives. (2) Relevant Federal departments and agencies
“relevant Federal departments and agencies” applies in that section
The term “relevant Federal departments and agencies” means— (A) the United States Agency for International Development; (B) the Department of State; (C) the Department of Defense; (D) the Department of Homeland Security; and (E) any other department or agency specified by the President for purposes of sections 2152j to 2152j–4 of this title. (3) Stakeholders
“stakeholders” applies in that section
The term “stakeholders” means non-governmental and private sector entities engaged in or affected by conflict prevention and stabilization, peace building, protection, security, transition initiatives, humanitarian response, or related efforts.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (C) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. (2) Early childhood development
“early childhood development” applies in that section
The term “early childhood development” means the development and learning of a child younger than 8 years of age, including physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development and approaches to learning that allow a child to reach his or her full developmental potential. (3) Early childhood development program
“early childhood development program” applies in that section
The term “early childhood development program” means a program that seeks to ensure that every child has the conditions for healthy growth, nurturing family-based care, development and learning, and protection from violence, exploitation, abuse, and neglect, which may include— (A) a health, safe water, sanitation, and hygiene program that serves pregnant women, children younger than 5 years of age, and the parents of such children; (B) a nutrition program, combined with stimulating child development activity; (C) age appropriate cognitive stimulation, especially for newborns, infants, and toddlers, including an early childhood intervention program for children experiencing at-risk …
“relevant Federal departments and agencies” applies in that section
The term “relevant Federal departments and agencies” means— (A) the Department of State; (B) the United States Agency for International Development; (C) the Department of the Treasury; (D) the Department of Labor; (E) the Department of Education; (F) the Department of Agriculture; (G) the Department of Defense; (H) the Department of Health and Human Services, including— (i) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and (ii) the National Institutes of Health; (I) the Millennium Challenge Corporation; (J) the Peace Corps; and (K) any other department or agency specified by the President for the purposes of this section. (5) Residential care
“residential care” applies in that section
The term “residential care” means care provided in any non-family-based group setting, including orphanages, transit or interim care centers, children’s homes, children’s villages or cottage complexes, group homes, and boarding schools used primarily for care purposes as an alternative to a children’s home.
“administering agency” applies in that section
the term “administering agency” means the Agency for International Development;
“Administrator” applies in that section
the term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Agency for International Development; and;
“Bank” applies in that section
the term “Bank” means the Export-Import Bank of the United States.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. (c) Use of guarantees Guarantees may be issued under this section only to support activities in the geographic areas which were subject to the administration of the Government of Israel before June 5, 1967 .
“Administrator” applies throughout its subpart
The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Agency. (2) Agency
“Agency” applies throughout its subpart
The term “Agency” means the United States Agency for International Development. (3) Appropriate congressional committees
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its subpart
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (4) Business development services
“business development services” applies throughout its subpart
The term “business development services” means support for the growth of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises through training, technical assistance, marketing assistance, improved production technologies, and other related services. (5) Director
“Director” applies throughout its subpart
The term “Director” means the Director of the office. (6) Implementing partner organization
“financial intermediary” applies throughout its subpart
The term “financial intermediary” means the entity that acts as the intermediary between parties in a financial transaction, such as a bank, credit union, investment fund, a village savings and loan group, or an institution that provides financial services to a micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise. (9) Office
“implementing partner organization” applies throughout its subpart
The term “implementing partner organization” means an entity eligible to receive assistance under this subpart which is— (A) a United States or an indigenous private voluntary organization; (B) a United States or an indigenous credit union; (C) a United States or an indigenous cooperative organization; (D) an indigenous governmental or nongovernmental organization; (E) a micro, small, or medium-sized enterprise institution; (F) a financial intermediary; or (G) a practitioner institution. (7) Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise institution
“micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise institution” applies throughout its subpart
The term “micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise institution” means an entity that provides services, including finance, training, or business development services, for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in foreign countries. (8) Financial intermediary
“office” applies throughout its subpart
The term “office” means the office established under section 2211a(b)(1) of this title . (10) Practitioner institution
“practitioner institution” applies throughout its subpart
The term “practitioner institution” means a not-for-profit entity, a financial intermediary, an information and communications technology firm with a mobile money platform, a village and savings loan group, or any other entity that provides financial or business development services authorized under section 252 that benefits micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise clients. (11) Private voluntary organization
“private voluntary organization” applies throughout its subpart
The term “private voluntary organization” means a not-for-profit entity that— (A) engages in and supports activities of an economic or social development or humanitarian nature for citizens in foreign countries; and (B) is incorporated as such under the laws of the United States, including any of its states, territories or the District of Columbia, or of a foreign country. (12) United States-supported financial intermediary
“United States-supported financial intermediary” applies throughout its subpart
The term “United States-supported financial intermediary” means a financial intermediary that has received funds made available under subchapter I of this chapter for fiscal year 1980 or any subsequent fiscal year. (13) Very poor
“very poor” applies throughout its subpart
The term “very poor” means those individuals— (A) living in the bottom 50 percent below the poverty line established by the national government of the country in which those individuals live; or (B) living below the international poverty line (as defined by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Development Association (collectively referred to as the ‘World Bank’)).
“Administrator” applies throughout its subpart
the term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development. (f) Public and private partners of universities As used in this subpart,
“agriculture” applies throughout its subpart
the term “agriculture” includes the science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and trade, and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food science and engineering, agricultural economics and other social sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture, veterinary medicine, and other environmental and natural resources sciences. (h) Agriculturists As used in this subpart,
“agriculturists” applies throughout its subpart
the term “agriculturists” includes farmers, herders, and livestock producers, individuals who fish and others employed in cultivating and harvesting food resources from salt and fresh waters, individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs and harvest nontimber forest products, as well as the processors, managers, teachers, extension specialists, researchers, policymakers, and others who are engaged in the food, feed, and fiber system and its relationships to natural resources.
“public and private partners of universities” applies throughout its subpart
the term “public and private partners of universities” includes entities that have cooperative or contractual agreements with universities, which may include formal or informal associations of universities, other education institutions, United States Government and State agencies, private voluntary organizations, nongovernmental organizations, firms operated for profit, nonprofit organizations, multinational banks, and, as designated by the Administrator, any organization, institution, or agency incorporated in other countries. (g) Agriculture As used in this subpart,
“universities” applies throughout its subpart
the term “universities” means those colleges or universities in each State, territory, or possession of the United States, or the District of Columbia, now receiving, or which may hereafter receive, benefits under the Act of July 2, 1862 (known as the First Morrill Act) [ 7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.], or the Act of August 30, 1890 (known as the Second Morrill Act) [ 7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.], which are commonly known as “land-grant” universities; institutions now designated or which may hereafter be designated as sea-grant colleges under the Act of October 15, 1966 (known as the National Sea Grant College and Program Act) [ 33 U.S.C.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
“Central American countries” applies throughout its part
the term “Central American countries” includes Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and regional programs which benefit such countries.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.
“debt-for-nature exchange” applies throughout its part
the term “debt-for-nature exchange” means the cancellation or redemption of the foreign debt of the government of a country in exchange for— (1) that government’s making available local currencies (including through the issuance of bonds) which are used only for eligible projects involving the conservation or protection of the environment in that country (as described in section 2283 of this title ); or (2) that government’s financial resource or policy commitment to take certain specified actions to ensure the restoration, protection, or sustainable use of natural resources within that country; or (3) a combination of assets and actions under both paragraphs (1) and (2).
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its part
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and;
“covered synthetic drug” applies throughout its part
the term “covered synthetic drug” has the meaning given that term in section 5558 of the FENTANYL Results Act.
“legal and law enforcement measures” applies throughout its part
the term “legal and law enforcement measures” means— (A) the enactment and implementation of laws and regulations or the implementation of existing laws and regulations to provide for the progressive control, reduction, and gradual elimination of the illicit cultivation, production, processing, transportation, and distribution of narcotic drugs and other controlled substances; and (B) the effective organization, staffing, equipping, funding, and activation of those governmental authorities responsible for narcotics control;
“major drug-transit country” applies throughout its part
the term “major drug-transit country” means a country through which are transported covered synthetic drugs or psychotropic drugs or other controlled substances significantly affecting the United States;
“major illicit drug producing country” applies throughout its part
the term “major illicit drug producing country” means a country— (A) in which 1,000 hectares or more of illicit opium poppy is cultivated or harvested during a year; (B) in which 1,000 hectares or more of illicit coca is cultivated or harvested during a year; (C) in which 5,000 hectares or more of illicit cannabis is cultivated or harvested during a year, unless the President determines that such illicit cannabis production does not significantly affect the United States; (D) that is a significant source of illicit synthetic opioids significantly affecting the United States; or (E) that is a significant direct source of covered synthetic drugs or psychotropic drugs or other controlled …
“major money laundering country” applies throughout its part
the term “major money laundering country” means a country whose financial institutions engage in currency transactions involving significant amounts of proceeds from international narcotics trafficking;
“narcotic and psychotropic drugs and other controlled substances” applies throughout its part
the term “narcotic and psychotropic drugs and other controlled substances” has the same meaning as is given by any applicable international narcotics control agreement or domestic law of the country or countries concerned;
“precursor chemical” applies throughout its part
the term “precursor chemical” has the same meaning as the term “listed chemical” has under paragraph (33) of section 802 of title 21 ;
“United States assistance” applies throughout its part
the term “United States assistance” means— (A) any assistance under this chapter (and any support under subchapter II of chapter 103 of this title, relating to the United States International Development Finance Corporation), other than— (i) assistance under this part, (ii) any other narcotics-related assistance under this subchapter (including part IV of subchapter II of this chapter), but any such assistance provided under this clause shall be subject to the prior notification procedures applicable to reprogrammings pursuant to section 2394–1 of this title , (iii) disaster relief assistance, including any assistance under part IX of this subchapter, (iv) assistance which involves the …
“multilateral development bank” applies in that section
the term “multilateral development bank” means the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the Inter-American Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
“international counternarcotics agreement” applies in that section
the term “international counternarcotics agreement” means— (A) the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances; or (B) any bilateral or multilateral agreement in force between the United States and another country or countries that addresses issues relating to the control of illicit drugs, such as— (i) the production, distribution, and interdiction of illicit drugs; (ii) demand reduction; (iii) the activities of criminal organizations; (iv) international legal cooperation among courts, prosecutors, and law enforcement agencies (including the exchange of information and evidence); (v) the extradition of nationals and individuals involved in …
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.
“appropriate committees of Congress” applies in that section
The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (B) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; (C) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate; (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; (E) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; (F) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; (G) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; (H) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives; (I) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (J) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives.
“beneficiary countries” applies in that section
the term “beneficiary countries” means Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. (B) Updates The Secretary, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of Defense, may add or remove one or more countries from the list of beneficiary countries under subparagraph (A) after providing written notification of such changes to the appropriate committees of Congress. (3) Listed chemical
“listed chemical” applies in that section
The term “listed chemical” has the meaning given such term in section 802 of title 21 . (b) Establishment The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and the Attorney General, may carry out the “Precursor Chemical Destruction Initiative” in beneficiary countries to achieve the purposes described in subsection (c).
“assistance” applies in that section
The term “assistance” includes operational, training, intelligence, logistical, technical, and administrative assistance.
“illicit drug trafficking” applies in that section
The term “illicit drug trafficking” means illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and other controlled substances, as such activities are described by any international narcotics control agreement to which the United States is a signatory, or by the domestic law of the country in whose territory or airspace the interdiction is occurring.;
“private and voluntary organization” applies in that section
the term “private and voluntary organization” includes (in addition to entities traditionally considered to be private and voluntary organizations) cooperatives, credit unions, trade unions, women’s groups, nonprofit development research institutions, and indigenous local organizations, which are private and nonprofit. (f) Local involvement in project implementation Local people, including women, shall be closely consulted and involved in the implementation of every project under this section which as 1 a local focus.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” includes the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. (3) Exceptions to reductions in assistance The requirement of paragraph (1) to withhold assistance shall not apply with respect to— (A) assistance to meet urgent humanitarian needs, including disaster and refugee relief; (B) democratic political reform or rule of law activities; (C) technical assistance for safety upgrades of civilian nuclear power plants; (D) the creation of private sector or nongovernmental organizations that are independent of government control; (E) the development of a free market …
“agency or instrumentality of the Government of Cuba” applies throughout its part
the term “agency or instrumentality of the Government of Cuba” means an agency or instrumentality of a foreign state as defined in section 1603(b) of title 28 , with each reference in such section to “a foreign state” deemed to be a reference to “Cuba”.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its part
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (2) Independent states of the former Soviet Union As used in this part,
“Cuban Government” applies throughout its part
The term “Cuban Government” includes the government of any political subdivision of Cuba, and any agency or instrumentality of the Government of Cuba. (B) For purposes of subparagraph (A),
“independent states” applies throughout its part
the terms “independent states of the former Soviet Union” and “independent states” have the meaning given those terms by section 5801 of this title . (3) Nonmarket based trade As used in section 2295a(b)(5) of this title ,
“independent states of the former Soviet Union” applies throughout its part
the terms “independent states of the former Soviet Union” and “independent states” have the meaning given those terms by section 5801 of this title . (3) Nonmarket based trade As used in section 2295a(b)(5) of this title ,
“nonmarket based trade” applies throughout its part
the term “nonmarket based trade” includes exports, imports, exchanges, or other arrangements that are provided for goods and services (including oil and other petroleum products) on terms more favorable than those generally available in applicable markets or for comparable commodities, including— (A) exports to the Cuban Government on terms that involve a grant, concessional price, guaranty, insurance, or subsidy; (B) imports from the Cuban Government at preferential tariff rates; (C) exchange arrangements that include advance delivery of commodities, arrangements in which the Cuban Government is not held accountable for unfulfilled exchange contracts, and arrangements under which Cuba does …
“humanitarian assistance” applies in that section
the term “humanitarian assistance” means assistance to meet humanitarian needs, including needs for food, medicine, medical supplies and equipment, education, and clothing. (c) Activities supported Activities that may be supported by assistance under subsection (b) include— (1) providing for the humanitarian needs of victims of the conflicts; (2) facilitating the return of refugees and internally displaced persons to their homes; and (3) assisting in the reconstruction of residential and economic infrastructure destroyed by war.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its part
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives. (2) Countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia
“countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia” applies throughout its part
The term “countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia” means Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
“child marriage” applies in that section
the term “child marriage” means the marriage of a girl or boy who is— (A) younger than the minimum age for marriage under the laws of the country in which such girl or boy is a resident; or (B) younger than 18 years of age, if no such law exists.
“gross violations of internationally recognized human rights” applies in that section
the term “gross violations of internationally recognized human rights” includes torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, prolonged detention without charges and trial, causing the disappearance of persons by the abduction and clandestine detention of those persons, and other flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, or the security of person;
“security assistance” applies in that section
the term “security assistance” means— (A) assistance under part II (military assistance) or part IV (economic support fund) or part V (military education and training) or part VI (peacekeeping operations) or part VIII (antiterrorism assistance) of this subchapter; (B) sales of defense articles or services, extensions of credits (including participations in credits), and guaranties of loans under the Arms Export Control Act [ 22 U.S.C.
“major non-NATO allies” applies in that section
the term “major non-NATO allies” means those countries designated as major non-NATO allies for purposes of section 2350a(i)(3) 1 of title 10. (c) Assistance to foreign countries Notwithstanding any other provision of law (except section 2371 of this title ) up to $1,000,000 in assistance may be provided to a foreign country for counterterrorism efforts in any fiscal year if— (1) such assistance is provided for the purpose of protecting the property of the United States Government or the life and property of any United States citizen, or furthering the apprehension of any individual involved in any act of terrorism against such property or persons; and (2) the appropriate committees of …
“United States” applies in that section
the term “United States” includes territories and possessions of the United States.
“excess foreign currencies” applies in that section
the term “excess foreign currencies” means foreign currencies or credits owned by or owed to the United States which are, under applicable agreements with the foreign country concerned, available for the use of the United States Government and are determined by the President to be excess to the normal requirements of departments and agencies of the United States for such currencies or credits and are not prohibited from use under this subsection by an agreement entered into with the foreign country concerned. The President shall take all appropriate steps to assure that, to the maximum extent possible, United States-owned foreign currencies are utilized in lieu of dollars.
“voluntary family planning program” applies in that section
the term “voluntary family planning program” includes, but is not limited to, demographic studies, medical and psychological research, personnel training, the construction and staffing of clinics and rural health centers, specialized training of doctors and paramedical personnel, the manufacture of medical supplies, and the dissemination of family planning information, medical assistance, and supplies to individuals who desire such assistance.
“United States person” applies in that section
the term “United States person” means a United States citizen or corporation, partnership, or association at least 50 percent beneficially owned by United States citizens. (i) Certain claims for expropriation by the Government of Nicaragua (1) Any action of the types set forth in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of subsection (a)(1) that was taken by the Government of Nicaragua during the period beginning on January 1, 1956 , and ending on January 9, 2002 , shall not be considered in implementing the prohibition under subsection (a) unless the action has been presented in accordance with the procedure set forth in paragraph (2).
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (2) Child soldier Consistent with the provisions of the Optional Protocol to the Convention of the Rights of the Child,
“child soldier” applies in that section
the term “child soldier”— (A) means— (i) any person under 18 years of age who takes a direct part in hostilities as a member of governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; (ii) any person under 18 years of age who has been compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; (iii) any person under 15 years of age who has been voluntarily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; or (iv) any person under 18 years of age who has been recruited or used in hostilities by armed forces distinct from the armed forces of a state; and (B) includes any person described in clause (ii), (iii), or (iv) of subparagraph …
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on International Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (2) Foreign terrorist organization
“foreign terrorist organization” applies in that section
The term “foreign terrorist organization” means an organization designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State in accordance with section 1189(a) of title 8 . (3) Palestinian Authority
“Palestinian Authority” applies in that section
The term “Palestinian Authority” means the interim Palestinian administrative organization that governs part of the West Bank and all of the Gaza Strip (or any successor Palestinian governing entity), including the Palestinian Legislative Council.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on International Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (2) Foreign terrorist organization
“foreign terrorist organization” applies in that section
The term “foreign terrorist organization” means an organization designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State in accordance with section 1189(a) of title 8 .
“to the maximum extent practicable” applies in that section
the term “to the maximum extent practicable” means that the identity of such units shall be made publicly available unless the Secretary of State, on a case-by-case basis, determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that public disclosure is not in the national security interest of the United States and provides a detailed justification for such determination, which may be submitted in classified form.
“United States development assistance” applies in that section
the term “United States development assistance” means— (1) assistance provided by the United States under chapters 1, 10, 11, and 12 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [ 22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq., 2293 et seq., 2295 et seq., 2296 et seq.]; and (2) assistance provided under any other provision of law to carry out purposes comparable to those set forth in the provisions referred to in paragraph (1). (i) Authorization of appropriations (1) There are authorized to be appropriated to the Commission such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
“United States economic assistance” applies in that section
the term “United States economic assistance” means any bilateral economic assistance, from any budget functional category, that is provided by any department or agency of the United States to a foreign country, including such assistance that is intended— (A) to assist the development and economic advancement of friendly foreign countries and peoples; (B) to promote the freedom, aspirations, or sustenance of friendly peoples under oppressive rule by unfriendly governments; (C) to promote international trade and foreign direct investment as a means of aiding economic growth; (D) to save lives and alleviate suffering of foreign peoples during or following wars, natural disasters, or complex …
“person” applies in that section
the term “person” includes any individual, corporation, partnership, association, or other legal entity.
“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.
“multilateral development bank” applies in that section
the term “multilateral development bank” has the meaning given that term in section 262r(c) of this title .
“technical assistance grants” applies in that section
the term “technical assistance grants” means funding by multilateral development banks of services from the United States in connection with projects and programs supported by such banks, including, but not limited to, engineering, design, and consulting services; and;
“AID” applies in that section
the term “AID” means the Agency for International Development; and;
“capital project” applies in that section
the term “capital project” means a project involving the construction, expansion, alteration of, or the acquisition of equipment for, a physical facility or physical infrastructure, including related engineering design (concept and detail) and other services, the procurement of equipment (including any related services), and feasibility studies or similar engineering and economic services.
“appropriate committees of Congress” applies in that section
The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means— (A) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.;
“capital project” applies in that section
The term “capital project” has the meaning given that term in section 2421e of this title .;
“overseas contingency operation” applies in that section
The term “overseas contingency operation” means a military operation outside the United States and its territories and possessions that is a contingency operation (as that term is defined in section 101(a)(13) of title 10 ).
“necessary or strategic raw material” applies in that section
the term “necessary or strategic raw material” includes petroleum, other fossil fuels, metals, minerals, or any other natural substance which the President determines is in short supply in the United States. (b) Allocation of raw materials to Federal agencies The President shall allocate any necessary or strategic raw material transferred to the United States under this section to any appropriate agency of the United States Government for stockpiling, sale, transfer, disposal, or any other purpose authorized by law.
“administering body” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “administering body” means the entity provided for in section 2430g(c) of this title ;
“Americas Framework Agreement” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Americas Framework Agreement” means an Americas Framework Agreement provided for in section 2430g of this title ;
“Americas Fund” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Americas Fund” means an Enterprise for the Americas Fund provided for in section 2430f(a) of this title ;
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
“beneficiary country” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “beneficiary country” means an eligible country with respect to which the authority of section 2430c(a)(1) of this title is exercised;
“Board” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Enterprise for the Americas Board” or “Board” means the board established by section 1738i of title 7 ; and;
“eligible country” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “eligible country” means a country designated by the President in accordance with section 2430b of this title ;
“Enterprise for the Americas Board” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Enterprise for the Americas Board” or “Board” means the board established by section 1738i of title 7 ; and;
“Facility” applies throughout its subchapter
the term “Facility” means the Enterprise for the Americas Facility established in the Department of the Treasury by section 1738 of title 7 .
“administering body” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “administering body” means the entity provided for in section 2431g(c) of this title . (2) Appropriate congressional committees
“Agreement” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Conservation Agreement” or “Agreement” means a Conservation Agreement provided for in section 2431g of this title . (8) Conservation Facility
“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on International Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (3) Beneficiary country
“beneficiary country” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “beneficiary country” means an eligible country with respect to which the authority of section 2431d(a)(1) of this title , section 2431e(a)(1) of this title , or paragraph (1) or (2) of section 2431f(a) of this title is exercised. (4) Board
“Board” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Board” means the board referred to in section 2431i of this title . (5) Developing country with a tropical forest or coral reef
“Conservation Agreement” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Conservation Agreement” or “Agreement” means a Conservation Agreement provided for in section 2431g of this title . (8) Conservation Facility
“Conservation Facility” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Conservation Facility” or “Facility” means the Conservation Facility established in the Department of the Treasury by section 2431b of this title . (9) Conservation Fund