r/title-22-FOREIGN-RELATIONS-AND-INTERCOURSE wiki — defined terms

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; (B) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives; (C) the Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of Representatives; (D) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives; (E) the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of the House of Representatives; (F) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; (G) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; (H) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; and (I) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate.

“elementary school” applies in that section

The terms “elementary school”, “local educational agency”, “other staff”, and “secondary school” have the meanings given the terms in section 7801 of title 20 . (ii) High-intensity child sex trafficking area

“high-intensity child sex trafficking area” applies in that section

The term “high-intensity child sex trafficking area” means a metropolitan area designated by the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation as having a high rate of children involved in sex trafficking. (iii) Labor trafficking

“labor trafficking” applies in that section

The term “labor trafficking” means conduct described in section 7102(9)(B) 1 of this title. (iv) School staff

“local educational agency” applies in that section

The terms “elementary school”, “local educational agency”, “other staff”, and “secondary school” have the meanings given the terms in section 7801 of title 20 . (ii) High-intensity child sex trafficking area

“other staff” applies in that section

The terms “elementary school”, “local educational agency”, “other staff”, and “secondary school” have the meanings given the terms in section 7801 of title 20 . (ii) High-intensity child sex trafficking area

“school staff” applies in that section

The term “school staff” means teachers, nurses, school leaders and administrators, and other staff at elementary schools and secondary schools. (v) Sex trafficking

“secondary school” applies in that section

The terms “elementary school”, “local educational agency”, “other staff”, and “secondary school” have the meanings given the terms in section 7801 of title 20 . (ii) High-intensity child sex trafficking area

“sex trafficking” applies in that section

The term “sex trafficking” means the conduct described in section 7102(9)(A) 1 of this title. (B) In general The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with the Secretary of Education and the Secretary of Labor, may award grants to local educational agencies, in partnership with a nonprofit, nongovernmental agency, to establish, expand, and support programs— (i) to educate school staff to recognize and respond to signs of labor trafficking and sex trafficking; and (ii) to provide age-appropriate information to students on how to avoid becoming victims of labor trafficking and sex trafficking.

“investigation and prosecution” applies in that section

the term “investigation and prosecution” includes— (I) identification of a person or persons who have committed severe forms of trafficking in persons; (II) location and apprehension of such persons; (III) testimony at proceedings against such persons; or (IV) responding to and cooperating with requests for evidence and information.

“victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons” applies in that section

the term “victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons” means only a person— (i) who has been subjected to an act or practice described in section 7102(8) of this title as in effect on October 28, 2000 ; and (ii) (I) who has not attained 18 years of age; or (II) who is the subject of a certification under subparagraph (E). (D) Repealed. Pub. L. 108–193, § 6(a)(2) , Dec. 19, 2003 , 117 Stat.

“foreign person” applies in that section

the term “foreign person” means any citizen or national of a foreign state or any entity not organized under the laws of the United States, including a foreign government official, but does not include a foreign state. (g) Construction Nothing in this section shall be construed as precluding judicial review of the exercise of the authority described in subsection (a).

“AIDS” applies in that section

The term “AIDS” means the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. (2) HIV

“HIV” applies in that section

The term “HIV” means the human immunodeficiency virus, the pathogen that causes AIDS. (3) HIV/AIDS

“HIV/AIDS” applies in that section

The term “HIV/AIDS” means, with respect to an individual, an individual who is infected with HIV or living with AIDS.

“nonprofit organization” applies in that section

the term “nonprofit organization” means an organization that is described in section 501(c)(3) of title 26 and is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such title. (B) Prohibition The Attorney General may not award a grant under this title or an Act amended by this title to a nonprofit organization that holds money in offshore accounts for the purpose of avoiding paying the tax described in section 511(a) of title 26 .

“unresolved audit finding” applies in that section

the term “unresolved audit finding” means an audit report finding in the final audit report of the Inspector General of the Department of Justice that the grantee has used grant funds for an unauthorized expenditure or otherwise unallowable cost that is not closed or resolved during the 12-month period beginning on the date on which the final audit report is issued 1 (B) Requirement Beginning in the first fiscal year beginning after March 7, 2013 , and in each fiscal year thereafter, the Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall conduct audits of recipients of grants under this title or an Act amended by this title to prevent waste, fraud, and abuse of funds by grantees.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

“covered grant” applies in that section

the term “covered grant” means a grant from the Attorney General or the Secretary of Health and Human Services under section 7104(b), 7105(b), or 7105(f) of this title; and;

“covered recipient” applies in that section

the term “covered recipient” means a grantee or subgrantee receiving funds under a covered grant. (b) Grant conditions Covered grants and covered recipients shall be subject, at the election of the Attorney General or the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as applicable, to— (1) the conditions under section 40002(b)(2) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 ( 34 U.S.C. 12291(b)(2) ) that apply with respect to grants under such Act and grantees and subgrantees for such grants; or (2) the conditions under section 306(c)(5) of the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act ( 42 U.S.C. 10406(c)(5) ) that apply with respect to grants under such Act [ 42 U.S.C.

“agricultural commodity” applies throughout its chapter

The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given the term in section 102 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 ( 7 U.S.C. 5602 ). (2) Agricultural program

“agricultural program” applies throughout its chapter

The term “agricultural program” means— (A) any program administered under the Food for Peace Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.); (B) any program administered under section 1431 of title 7 ; (C) any program administered under the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 ( 7 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.); (D) any commercial export sale of agricultural commodities; or (E) any export financing (including credits or credit guarantees) provided by the United States Government for agricultural commodities. (3) Joint resolution

“joint resolution” applies throughout its chapter

The term “joint resolution” means— (A) in the case of section 7202(a)(1) of this title , only a joint resolution introduced within 10 session days of Congress after the date on which the report of the President under section 7202(a)(1) of this title is received by Congress, the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: “That Congress approves the report of the President pursuant to section 903(a)(1) of the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000, transmitted on _______.”, with the blank completed with the appropriate date; and (B) in the case of section 7205(1) 1 of this title, only a joint resolution introduced within 10 session days of Congress after the …

“medical device” applies throughout its chapter

The term “medical device” has the meaning given the term “device” in section 321 of title 21 . (5) Medicine

“medicine” applies throughout its chapter

The term “medicine” has the meaning given the term “drug” in section 321 of title 21 . (6) Unilateral agricultural sanction

“unilateral agricultural sanction” applies throughout its chapter

The term “unilateral agricultural sanction” means any prohibition, restriction, or condition on carrying out an agricultural program with respect to a foreign country or foreign entity that is imposed by the United States for reasons of foreign policy or national security, except in a case in which the United States imposes the measure pursuant to— (A) a multilateral regime and the other member countries of that regime have agreed to impose substantially equivalent measures; or (B) a mandatory decision of the United Nations Security Council. (7) Unilateral medical sanction

“unilateral medical sanction” applies throughout its chapter

The term “unilateral medical sanction” means any prohibition, restriction, or condition on exports of, or the provision of assistance consisting of, medicine or a medical device with respect to a foreign country or foreign entity that is imposed by the United States for reasons of foreign policy or national security, except in a case in which the United States imposes the measure pursuant to— (A) a multilateral regime and the other member countries of that regime have agreed to impose substantially equivalent measures; or (B) a mandatory decision of the United Nations Security Council.

“financing” applies in that section

the term “financing” includes any loan or extension of credit;

“United States depository institution” applies in that section

the term “United States depository institution” means any entity (including its foreign branches or subsidiaries) organized under the laws of any jurisdiction within the United States, or any agency, office or branch located in the United States of a foreign entity, that is engaged primarily in the business of banking (including a bank, savings bank, savings association, credit union, trust company, or United States bank holding company); and;

“United States person” applies in that section

the term “United States person” means the Federal Government, any State or local government, or any private person or entity of the United States.

“tourist activities” applies in that section

the term “tourist activities” means any activity with respect to travel to, from, or within Cuba that is not expressly authorized in subsection (a) of this section, in any of paragraphs (1) through (12) of section 515.560 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations, or in any section referred to in any of such paragraphs (1) through (12) (as such sections were in effect on June 1, 2000 ).

“DTS Network” applies throughout its chapter

The term “DTS Network” means the worldwide telecommunications network supporting all United States Government agencies and departments operating from diplomatic and consular facilities outside of the United States. (2) DTS–PO

“DTS–PO” applies throughout its chapter

The term “DTS–PO” means the Diplomatic Telecommunications Service Program Office. (3) Governance Board

“Governance Board” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Governance Board” means the Diplomatic Telecommunications Service Governance Board established under section 7302(a)(1) of this title .

“International Criminal Court” applies in that section

the term “International Criminal Court” means the court established by the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, adopted by the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court on July 17, 1998 .

“International Criminal Court” applies in that section

the term “International Criminal Court” has the meaning given the term in section 7401(c) of this title .

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (2) Classified national security information

“classified national security information” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “classified national security information” means information that is classified or classifiable under Executive Order 12958 or a successor Executive order. (3) Covered allied persons

“covered allied persons” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “covered allied persons” means military personnel, elected or appointed officials, and other persons employed by or working on behalf of the government of a NATO member country, a major non-NATO ally (including Australia, Egypt, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Argentina, the Republic of Korea, and New Zealand), or Taiwan, for so long as that government is not a party to the International Criminal Court and wishes its officials and other persons working on its behalf to be exempted from the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. (4) Covered United States persons

“covered United States persons” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “covered United States persons” means members of the Armed Forces of the United States, elected or appointed officials of the United States Government, and other persons employed by or working on behalf of the United States Government, for so long as the United States is not a party to the International Criminal Court. (5) Extradition

“extradite” applies throughout its subchapter

The terms “extradition” and “extradite” mean the extradition of a person in accordance with the provisions of chapter 209 of title 18 (including section 3181(b) of such title) and such terms include both extradition and surrender as those terms are defined in Article 102 of the Rome Statute. (6) International Criminal Court

“extradition” applies throughout its subchapter

The terms “extradition” and “extradite” mean the extradition of a person in accordance with the provisions of chapter 209 of title 18 (including section 3181(b) of such title) and such terms include both extradition and surrender as those terms are defined in Article 102 of the Rome Statute. (6) International Criminal Court

“International Criminal Court” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “International Criminal Court” means the court established by the Rome Statute. (7) Major non-NATO ally

“major non-NATO ally” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “major non-NATO ally” means a country that has been so designated in accordance with section 517 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [ 22 U.S.C. 2321k ]. (8) Participate in any peacekeeping operation under chapter VI of the charter of the United Nations or peace enforcement operation under chapter VII of the charter of the United Nations The term “participate in any peacekeeping operation under chapter VI of the charter of the United Nations or peace enforcement operation under chapter VII of the charter of the United Nations” means to assign members of the Armed Forces of the United States to a United Nations military command structure as part of a peacekeeping operation under …

“party to the International Criminal Court” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “party to the International Criminal Court” means a government that has deposited an instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval, or accession to the Rome Statute, and has not withdrawn from the Rome Statute pursuant to Article 127 thereof.

“Rome Statute” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “Rome Statute” means the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, adopted by the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court on July 17, 1998 . (12) Support

“support” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “support” means assistance of any kind, including financial support, transfer of property or other material support, services, intelligence sharing, law enforcement cooperation, the training or detail of personnel, and the arrest or detention of individuals.

“Government of Afghanistan” applies throughout its chapter

the term “Government of Afghanistan” includes— (1) the government of any political subdivision of Afghanistan; and (2) any agency or instrumentality of the Government of Afghanistan.

“AIDS” applies throughout its chapter

The term “AIDS” means the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. (2) Appropriate congressional committees

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (3) Global AIDS Coordinator

“Global AIDS Coordinator” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Global AIDS Coordinator” means the Coordinator of United States Government Activities to Combat HIV/AIDS Globally. (4) Global Fund

“Global Fund” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Global Fund” means the public-private partnership known as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria established pursuant to Article 80 of the Swiss Civil Code. (5) HIV

“HIV” applies throughout its chapter

The term “HIV” means the human immunodeficiency virus, the pathogen that causes AIDS. (6) HIV/AIDS

“HIV/AIDS” applies throughout its chapter

The term “HIV/AIDS” means, with respect to an individual, an individual who is infected with HIV or living with AIDS. (7) Impact evaluation research

“impact evaluation research” applies throughout its chapter

The term “impact evaluation research” means the application of research methods and statistical analysis to measure the extent to which change in a population-based outcome can be attributed to program intervention instead of other environmental factors. (8) Operations research

“operations research” applies throughout its chapter

The term “operations research” means the application of social science research methods, statistical analysis, and other appropriate scientific methods to judge, compare, and improve policies and program outcomes, from the earliest stages of defining and designing programs through their development and implementation, with the objective of the rapid dissemination of conclusions and concrete impact on programming. (9) Paraprofessional

“paraprofessional” applies throughout its chapter

The term “paraprofessional” means an individual who is trained and employed as a health agent for the provision of basic assistance in the identification, prevention, or treatment of illness or disability. (10) Partner government

“partner government” applies throughout its chapter

The term “partner government” means a government with which the United States is working to provide assistance to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, or malaria on behalf of people living within the jurisdiction of such government. (11) Program monitoring

“program monitoring” applies throughout its chapter

The term “program monitoring” means the collection, analysis, and use of routine program data to determine— (A) how well a program is carried out; and (B) how much the program costs. (12) Relevant executive branch agencies

“relevant executive branch agencies” applies throughout its chapter

The term “relevant executive branch agencies” means the Department of State, the United States Agency for International Development, and any other department or agency of the United States that participates in international HIV/AIDS activities pursuant to the authorities of such department or agency or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [ 22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.].

“partner country” applies in that section

the term “partner country” means a country with a minimum United States Government investment of HIV/AIDS assistance of at least $5,000,000 in the prior fiscal year. (h) Message The Global AIDS Coordinator shall develop a message, to be prominently displayed by each program receiving funds under this chapter, that— (1) demonstrates that the program is a commitment by citizens of the United States to the global fight against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria; and (2) enhances awareness by program recipients that the program is an effort on behalf of the citizens of the United States.

“reporting period” applies in that section

the term “reporting period” means, in the case of the initial report, the period since May 27, 2003 , and, in the case of any subsequent report, the period since the date of submission of the most recent report.

“international organization” applies in that section

the term “international organization” means— (i) a nonprofit international entity; (ii) an international charitable institution; (iii) a private voluntary international entity; or (iv) a multilateral institution.

“local health organization” applies in that section

the term “local health organization” means a public sector health system, nongovernmental organization, institution of higher education, community-based organization, or nonprofit health system that provides directly, or has a clear link with a provider for the indirect provision of, primary health care services; and;

“Enhanced HIPC Initiative” applies in that section

the term “Enhanced HIPC Initiative” means the multilateral debt initiative for heavily indebted poor countries presented in the Report of G–7 Finance Ministers on the Cologne Debt Initiative to the Cologne Economic Summit, Cologne, June 18–20, 1999.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on International Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. (2) Board

“Board” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Corporation established pursuant to section 7703(c) of this title . (3) Candidate country

“candidate country” applies throughout its chapter

The term “candidate country” means a country that meets the requirements of section 7705 of this title . (4) Chief Executive Officer

“Chief Executive Officer” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Chief Executive Officer” means the chief executive officer of the Corporation appointed pursuant to section 7703(b) of this title . (5) Compact

“Compact” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Compact” means a Millennium Challenge Compact described in section 7708 of this title . (6) Corporation

“Corporation” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Corporation” means the Millennium Challenge Corporation established by section 7703(a) of this title . (7) Eligible country

“eligible country” applies throughout its chapter

The term “eligible country” means a candidate country that is determined, under section 7706 of this title , to be an eligible country to receive assistance under section 7704 of this title . (8) Investments in the people

“investments in the people” applies throughout its chapter

The term “investments in the people” means government policies or programs of an eligible country that promote the health, education, and other factors which contribute to the well-being and productivity of their people, such as decent, affordable housing for all.

“national development strategy” applies in that section

the term “national development strategy” means any strategy to achieve market-driven economic growth and eliminate extreme poverty that has been developed by the government of the country in consultation with a wide variety of civic participation, including nongovernmental organizations, private and voluntary organizations, academia, women’s and student organizations, local trade and labor unions, and the business community.

“agency” applies in that section

the term “agency” means an executive agency, as defined by section 105 of title 5 ; and;

“detail” applies in that section

the term “detail” means the assignment or loan of an employee, without a change of position, from the agency by which such employee is employed to the Corporation.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (2) China

“China” applies throughout its chapter

The term “China” means the People’s Republic of China. (3) Humanitarian assistance

“humanitarian assistance” applies throughout its chapter

The term “humanitarian assistance” means assistance to meet humanitarian needs, including needs for food, medicine, medical supplies, clothing, and shelter. (4) North Korea

“North Korea” applies throughout its chapter

The term “North Korea” means the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. (5) North Koreans

“North Koreans” applies throughout its chapter

The term “North Koreans” means persons who are citizens or nationals of North Korea. (6) South Korea

“South Korea” applies throughout its chapter

The term “South Korea” means the Republic of Korea.

“carbon sequestration” applies throughout its chapter

The term “carbon sequestration” means the capture of carbon dioxide through terrestrial, geological, biological, or other means, which prevents the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. (2) Greenhouse gas

“greenhouse gas” applies throughout its chapter

The term “greenhouse gas” means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. (3) Greenhouse gas intensity

“greenhouse gas intensity” applies throughout its chapter

The term “greenhouse gas intensity” means the ratio of greenhouse gas emissions to economic output.

“clean energy technology” applies in that section

The term “clean energy technology” means a technology that, as compared with technologies being deployed at that time for widespread commercial use in the country involved— (i) achieves substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions; (ii) does not result in significant incremental adverse effects on public health or the environment; and (iii) does one or more of the following: (I) generates electricity or useful thermal energy from a renewable resource; (II) substantially increases the energy efficiency of buildings, industrial, or agricultural processes, or of electricity transmission, distribution, or end-use consumption; or (III) substantially increases the energy efficiency of the …

“Additional Protocol” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Additional Protocol” means a protocol additional to a safeguards agreement with the IAEA, as negotiated between a country and the IAEA based on a Model Additional Protocol as set forth in IAEA information circular (INFCIRC) 540.;

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives.;

“dual-use material, equipment, or technology” applies throughout its chapter

The term “dual-use material, equipment, or technology” means material, equipment, or technology that may be used in nuclear or nonnuclear applications.;

“IAEA safeguards” applies throughout its chapter

The term “IAEA safeguards” has the meaning given the term in section 6305(3) of this title .;

“Indian person” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Indian person” means— (A) a natural person that is a citizen of India or is subject to the jurisdiction of the Government of India; (B) a corporation, business association, partnership, society, trust, or any other nongovernmental entity, organization, or group, that is organized under the laws of India or has its principal place of business in India; and (C) any Indian governmental entity, including any governmental entity operating as a business enterprise.;

“Missile Technology Control Regime” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Missile Technology Control Regime”, “MTCR”, and “MTCR adherent” have the meanings given the terms in section 2797c of this title .;

“MTCR” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Missile Technology Control Regime”, “MTCR”, and “MTCR adherent” have the meanings given the terms in section 2797c of this title .;

“MTCR adherent” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Missile Technology Control Regime”, “MTCR”, and “MTCR adherent” have the meanings given the terms in section 2797c of this title .;

“NPT” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty” and “NPT” mean the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Washington, London, and Moscow July 1, 1968 , and entered into force March 5, 1970 (21 UST 483). (9) The terms “Nuclear Suppliers Group” and “NSG” refer to a group, which met initially in 1975 and has met at least annually since 1992, of Participating Governments that have promulgated and agreed to adhere to Guidelines for Nuclear Transfers (currently IAEA INFCIRC/254/Rev.8/Part 1) and Guidelines for Transfers of Nuclear-Related Dual-Use Equipment, Materials, Software, and Related Technology (currently IAEA INFCIRC/254/Rev.7/Part 2).;

“nuclear explosive device” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “nuclear weapon” and “nuclear explosive device” mean any device designed to produce an instantaneous release of an amount of nuclear energy from special nuclear material that is greater than the amount of energy that would be released from the detonation of one pound of trinitrotoluene (TNT).;

“nuclear materials and equipment” applies throughout its chapter

The term “nuclear materials and equipment” means source material, special nuclear material, production and utilization facilities and any components thereof, and any other items or materials that are determined to have significance for nuclear explosive purposes pursuant to subsection 1 2139(b) of title 42.;

“Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty” and “NPT” mean the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Washington, London, and Moscow July 1, 1968 , and entered into force March 5, 1970 (21 UST 483). (9) The terms “Nuclear Suppliers Group” and “NSG” refer to a group, which met initially in 1975 and has met at least annually since 1992, of Participating Governments that have promulgated and agreed to adhere to Guidelines for Nuclear Transfers (currently IAEA INFCIRC/254/Rev.8/Part 1) and Guidelines for Transfers of Nuclear-Related Dual-Use Equipment, Materials, Software, and Related Technology (currently IAEA INFCIRC/254/Rev.7/Part 2).;

“nuclear weapon” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “nuclear weapon” and “nuclear explosive device” mean any device designed to produce an instantaneous release of an amount of nuclear energy from special nuclear material that is greater than the amount of energy that would be released from the detonation of one pound of trinitrotoluene (TNT).;

“process” applies throughout its chapter

The term “process” includes the term “reprocess”. (12) The terms “reprocessing” and “reprocess” refer to the separation of irradiated nuclear materials and fission products from spent nuclear fuel.;

“sensitive nuclear technology” applies throughout its chapter

The term “sensitive nuclear technology” means any information, including information incorporated in a production or utilization facility or important component part thereof, that is not available to the public and which is important to the design, construction, fabrication, operation, or maintenance of a uranium enrichment or nuclear fuel reprocessing facility or a facility for the production of heavy water.;

“source material” applies throughout its chapter

The term “source material” has the meaning given the term in section 2014(z) of title 42 .;

“special nuclear material” applies throughout its chapter

The term “special nuclear material” has the meaning given the term in section 2014(aa) of title 42 .;

“unsafeguarded nuclear fuel-cycle activity” applies throughout its chapter

The term “unsafeguarded nuclear fuel-cycle activity” means research on, or development, design, manufacture, construction, operation, or maintenance of— (A) any existing or future reactor, critical facility, conversion plant, fabrication plant, reprocessing plant, plant for the separation of isotopes of source or special fissionable material, or separate storage installation with respect to which there is no obligation to accept IAEA safeguards at the relevant reactor, facility, plant, or installation that contains source or special fissionable material; or (B) any existing or future heavy water production plant with respect to which there is no obligation to accept IAEA safeguards on any …

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on International Relations, the Committee on Science, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives. (3) Complementary access

“complementary access” applies throughout its chapter

The term “complementary access” means the exercise of the IAEA’s access rights as set forth in Articles 4 to 6 of the Additional Protocol. (4) Executive agency

“executive agency” applies throughout its chapter

The term “executive agency” has the meaning given such term in section 105 of title 5 . (5) Facility

“facility” applies throughout its chapter

The term “facility” has the meaning set forth in Article 18i. of the Additional Protocol. (6) IAEA

“IAEA” applies throughout its chapter

The term “IAEA” means the International Atomic Energy Agency. (7) Judge of the United States

“judge of the United States” applies throughout its chapter

The term “judge of the United States” means a United States district judge, or a United States magistrate judge appointed under the authority of chapter 43 of title 28. (8) Location

“location” applies throughout its chapter

The term “location” means any geographic point or area declared or identified by the United States or specified by the International Atomic Energy Agency. (9) Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

“non-nuclear-weapon State Party” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “nuclear-weapon State Party” and “non-nuclear-weapon State Party” have the meanings given such terms in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. (11) Person The term “person”, except as otherwise provided, means any individual, corporation, partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private institution, any State or any political subdivision thereof, or any political entity within a State, any foreign government or nation or any agency, instrumentality, or political subdivision of any such government or nation, or other entity located in the United States. (12) Site

“Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty” means the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, done at Washington, London, and Moscow July 1, 1968 , and entered into force March 5, 1970 (21 UST 483). (10) Nuclear-weapon State Party and non-nuclear-weapon State Party

“nuclear-weapon State Party” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “nuclear-weapon State Party” and “non-nuclear-weapon State Party” have the meanings given such terms in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. (11) Person The term “person”, except as otherwise provided, means any individual, corporation, partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private institution, any State or any political subdivision thereof, or any political entity within a State, any foreign government or nation or any agency, instrumentality, or political subdivision of any such government or nation, or other entity located in the United States. (12) Site

“site” applies throughout its chapter

The term “site” has the meaning set forth in Article 18b. of the Additional Protocol. (13) United States The term “United States”, when used as a geographic reference, means the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the commonwealths, territories, and possessions of the United States and includes all places under the jurisdiction or control of the United States, including— (A) the territorial sea and the overlying airspace; (B) any civil aircraft of the United States or public aircraft, as such terms are defined in paragraphs (17) and (41), respectively, of section 40102(a) of title 49 ; and (C) any vessel of the United States, as such term is defined in section …

“wide-area environmental sampling” applies throughout its chapter

The term “wide-area environmental sampling” has the meaning set forth in Article 18g. of the Additional Protocol.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (3) Assistant Secretary

“Assistant Secretary” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Assistant Secretary” means the Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. (4) Community of Democracies and Community

“Community” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Community of Democracies” and “Community” mean the association of democratic countries committed to the global promotion of democratic principles, practices, and values, which held its First Ministerial Conference in Warsaw, Poland, in June 2000. (5) Department

“Community of Democracies” applies throughout its chapter

The terms “Community of Democracies” and “Community” mean the association of democratic countries committed to the global promotion of democratic principles, practices, and values, which held its First Ministerial Conference in Warsaw, Poland, in June 2000. (5) Department

“democratic transition country” applies throughout its chapter

The term “nondemocratic country” or “democratic transition country” shall include any country which is not governed by a fully functioning democratic form of government, as determined by the Secretary, taking into account the general consensus regarding the status of civil and political rights in a country by major nongovernmental organizations that conduct assessments of such conditions in countries and whether the country exhibits the following characteristics: (A) All citizens of such country have the right to, and are not restricted in practice from, fully and freely participating in the political life of such country.

“Department” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Department” means the Department of State. (6) Nondemocratic country or democratic transition country

“nondemocratic country” applies throughout its chapter

The term “nondemocratic country” or “democratic transition country” shall include any country which is not governed by a fully functioning democratic form of government, as determined by the Secretary, taking into account the general consensus regarding the status of civil and political rights in a country by major nongovernmental organizations that conduct assessments of such conditions in countries and whether the country exhibits the following characteristics: (A) All citizens of such country have the right to, and are not restricted in practice from, fully and freely participating in the political life of such country.

“Secretary” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of State.

“VfP Office” applies throughout its chapter

The term “VfP Office” means the Office of Volunteers for Prosperity of the United States Agency for International Development. (2) VfP Program

“VfP Program” applies throughout its chapter

The term “VfP Program” means the Volunteers for Prosperity Program established through Executive Order 13317. (3) VfPServe

“VfPServe” applies throughout its chapter

The term “VfPServe” means a program established by the VfP Office, in cooperation with the USA Freedom Corps, to provide eligible skilled professionals with fixed amount stipends to offset the travel and living costs of volunteering abroad.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its chapter

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committees on Appropriations and Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committees on Appropriations and Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives. (2) Counterinsurgency

“counterinsurgency” applies throughout its chapter

The term “counterinsurgency” means efforts to defeat organized movements that seek to overthrow the duly constituted Governments of Pakistan and Afghanistan through violent means. (3) Counterterrorism

“counterterrorism” applies throughout its chapter

The term “counterterrorism” means efforts to combat al Qaeda and other foreign terrorist organizations that are designated by the Secretary of State in accordance with section 1189 of title 8 , or other individuals and entities engaged in terrorist activity or support for such activity. (4) FATA

“FATA” applies throughout its chapter

The term “FATA” means the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. (5) Frontier Crimes Regulation

“Frontier Crimes Regulation” applies throughout its chapter

The term “Frontier Crimes Regulation” means the Frontier Crimes Regulation, codified under British law in 1901, and applicable to the FATA. (6) Impact evaluation research

“impact evaluation research” applies throughout its chapter

The term “impact evaluation research” means the application of research methods and statistical analysis to measure the extent to which change in a population-based outcome can be attributed to program intervention instead of other environmental factors. (7) Major defense equipment

“major defense equipment” applies throughout its chapter

The term “major defense equipment” has the meaning given the term in section 2794(6) of this title . (8) NWFP

“NWFP” applies throughout its chapter

The term “NWFP” means the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, which has Peshawar as its provincial capital. (9) Operations research

“operations research” applies throughout its chapter

The term “operations research” means the application of social science research methods, statistical analysis, and other appropriate scientific methods to judge, compare, and improve policies and program outcomes, from the earliest stages of defining and designing programs through their development and implementation, with the objective of the rapid dissemination of conclusions and concrete impact on programming. (10) Security forces of Pakistan

“security forces of Pakistan” applies throughout its chapter

The term “security forces of Pakistan” means the military and intelligence services of the Government of Pakistan, including the Armed Forces, Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate, Intelligence Bureau, police forces, levies, Frontier Corps, and Frontier Constabulary. (11) Security-related assistance

“security-related assistance” applies throughout its chapter

The term “security-related assistance”— (A) means— (i) grant assistance to carry out section 2763 of this title ; and (ii) assistance under chapter 2 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 ( 22 U.S.C. 2311 et. seq 1 ); but (B) does not include— (i) assistance authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available under any provision of law that is funded from accounts within budget function 050 (National Defense); and (ii) amounts appropriated or otherwise available to the Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund established under the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2009 ( Public Law 111–32 ).

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means the Committees on Appropriations, Armed Services, and Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Appropriations, Armed Services, and Foreign Relations of the Senate; and (2) the term “civilian government of Pakistan” does not include any government of Pakistan whose duly elected head of government is deposed by military coup or decree.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (i) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives; and (ii) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.

“appropriate congressional committees” applies in that section

the term “appropriate congressional committees” means— (1) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and (2) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

“agricultural commodity” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given that term in section 5602 of title 7 . (2) Appropriate congressional committees

“appropriate congressional committees” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “appropriate congressional committees” has the meaning given that term in section 14 of the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 ( Public Law 104–172 ; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note), as amended by section 102 of this Act. (3) Executive agency

“executive agency” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “executive agency” has the meaning given that term in section 133 of title 41 . (4) Family member

“family member” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “family member” means, with respect to an individual, a spouse, child, parent, sibling, grandchild, or grandparent of the individual. (5) Iranian diplomats and representatives of other government and military or quasi-governmental institutions of Iran

“medical device” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “medical device” has the meaning given the term “device” in section 321 of title 21 . (8) Medicine

“medicine” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “medicine” has the meaning given the term “drug” in section 321 of title 21 . (9) State

“State” applies throughout its subchapter

The term “State” means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, Guam, the United States Virgin Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States. (10) United States person