r/title-42-THE-PUBLIC-HEALTH-AND-WELFARE wiki — defined terms
The statute’s own glossary: every term Title 42 defines, in section order.
“electric utility” applies in that section
The terms “electric consumer”, “electric utility”, “interconnection service”, “nonregulated electric utility”, and “State regulatory authority” have the meanings given those terms in the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 ( 16 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.), within the meaning of title I of that Act ( 16 U.S.C. 2611 et seq.). (B) EPCA
“interconnection service” applies in that section
The terms “electric consumer”, “electric utility”, “interconnection service”, “nonregulated electric utility”, and “State regulatory authority” have the meanings given those terms in the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 ( 16 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.), within the meaning of title I of that Act ( 16 U.S.C. 2611 et seq.). (B) EPCA
“nonregulated electric utility” applies in that section
The terms “electric consumer”, “electric utility”, “interconnection service”, “nonregulated electric utility”, and “State regulatory authority” have the meanings given those terms in the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 ( 16 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.), within the meaning of title I of that Act ( 16 U.S.C. 2611 et seq.). (B) EPCA
“State regulatory authority” applies in that section
The terms “electric consumer”, “electric utility”, “interconnection service”, “nonregulated electric utility”, and “State regulatory authority” have the meanings given those terms in the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 ( 16 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.), within the meaning of title I of that Act ( 16 U.S.C. 2611 et seq.). (B) EPCA
“waste energy” applies in that section
The terms “combined heat and power system” and “waste energy” have the meanings given those terms in section 6341 of this title . (b) Review (1) In general Not later than 180 days after November 15, 2021 , the Secretary, in consultation with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and other appropriate entities, shall review existing rules and procedures relating to interconnection service and additional services throughout the United States for electric generation with nameplate capacity up to 150 megawatts connecting at either distribution or transmission voltage levels to identify barriers to the deployment of combined heat and power systems and waste heat to power systems.
“waste heat to power system” applies in that section
The term “waste heat to power system” means a system that generates electricity through the recovery of waste energy. (3) Other terms (A) Purpa
“covered project” applies in that section
The term “covered project” means a demonstration project of the Department that— (A) receives or is eligible to receive funding from the Secretary; and (B) is authorized under— (i) this division; or (ii) the Energy Act of 2020 ( Public Law 116–260 ; 134 Stat. 1182 ). 1 (2) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the program established under subsection (b). (b) Establishment The Secretary, in coordination with the heads of relevant program offices of the Department, including the Office of Technology Transitions, the Loan Program Office, and all applied program offices, shall establish a program to conduct project management and oversight of covered projects, including by— (1) conducting evaluations of proposals for covered projects before the selection of a covered project for funding; (2) conducting independent oversight of the execution of a covered project after funding has been awarded for that covered project; and (3) ensuring a balanced portfolio of investments in …
“AI” applies in that section
The term “artificial intelligence” or “AI” has the meaning given such term in section 9401 of title 15 . (2) Awardee
“artificial intelligence” applies in that section
The term “artificial intelligence” or “AI” has the meaning given such term in section 9401 of title 15 . (2) Awardee
“award personnel” applies in that section
The term “award personnel” means principal investigators and co-principal investigators, faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and other employees supported by a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract under Federal law. (4) Biomanufacturing
“awardee” applies in that section
The term “awardee” means the legal entity to which Federal assistance is awarded and that is accountable to the Federal Government for the use of the funds provided. (3) Award personnel
“biomanufacturing” applies in that section
The term “biomanufacturing” means the utilization of biological systems to develop new and advance existing products, tools, and processes at commercial scale. (5) Emerging research institution
“emerging research institution” applies in that section
The term “emerging research institution” means an institution of higher education with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has less than $50,000,000 in Federal research expenditures. (6) Engineering biology
“engineering biology” applies in that section
The term “engineering biology” means the application of engineering design principles and practices to biological systems, including molecular and cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize functions and capabilities. (7) EPSCoR
“EPSCoR” applies in that section
The term “EPSCoR” has the meaning given the term in section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 ( 42 U.S.C. 1862p note). (8) EPSCoR institution
“EPSCoR institution” applies in that section
The term “EPSCoR institution” means an institution of higher education, nonprofit organization, or other institution located in a jurisdiction eligible to participate in the program under section 1862g of this title . (9) Federal laboratory
“Federal laboratory” applies in that section
The term “Federal laboratory” has the meaning given such term in section 3703 of title 15 . (10) Federal research agency
“Federal research agency” applies in that section
The term “Federal research agency” means any Federal agency with an annual extramural research expenditure of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022 constant dollars. (11) Foundation
“Foundation” applies in that section
The term “Foundation” means the National Science Foundation. (12) Historically Black college and university
“historically Black college and university” applies in that section
The term “historically Black college and university” has the meaning given the term “part B institution” in section 1061 of title 20 . (13) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies in that section
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20 . (14) Interagency working group on inclusion in STEM
“interagency working group on inclusion in STEM” applies in that section
The term “interagency working group on inclusion in STEM” means the interagency working group established by section 6626 of this title . (15) Labor organization
“labor organization” applies in that section
The term “labor organization” has the meaning given the term in section 152(5) of title 29 , except that such term shall also include— (A) any organization composed of labor organizations, such as a labor union federation or a State or municipal labor body; and (B) any organization which would be included in the definition for such term under such section 152(5) of title 29 but for the fact that the organization represents— (i) individuals employed by the United States, any wholly owned Government corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any State or political subdivision thereof; (ii) individuals employed by persons subject to the Railway Labor Act ( 45 U.S.C.
“low-income individual” applies in that section
The term “low-income individual” means an individual from a family whose taxable income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of an amount equal to the poverty level determined by using criteria of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census. (17) Manufacturing extension center
“manufacturing extension center” applies in that section
The term “manufacturing extension center” has the meaning given the term “Center” in section 278k(a) of title 15 . (18) Manufacturing USA institute
“Manufacturing USA institute” applies in that section
The term “Manufacturing USA institute” means a Manufacturing USA institute described in section 278s(d) of title 15 . (19) Minority-serving institution
“minority-serving institution” applies in that section
The term “minority-serving institution” means a Hispanic-serving institution as defined in section 1101a(a) of title 20 ; an Alaska Native-serving institution or Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 1059d(b) of title 20 ; or a Predominantly Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving nontribal institution as defined in section 1067q(c) of title 20 . (20) National Academies
“National Academies” applies in that section
The term “National Academies” means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (21) Non-profit organization
“non-profit organization” applies in that section
The term “non-profit organization” means an organization which is described in section 501(c)(3) of title 26 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such title. (22) PreK–12
“PreK–12” applies in that section
The term “PreK–12” means pre-kindergarten through grade 12. (23) Quantum information science
“quantum information science” applies in that section
The term “quantum information science” has the meaning given such term in section 8801 of title 15 . (24) Recipient
“recipient” applies in that section
The term “recipient” means an entity, usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award directly from a Federal research agency. The term “recipient” does not include entities that receive subawards or individuals that are the beneficiaries of the award. (25) Research and development award
“research and development award” applies in that section
The term “research and development award” means support provided to an individual or entity by a Federal research agency to carry out research and development activities, which may include support in the form of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such transaction. The term does not include a grant, contract, agreement or other transaction for the procurement of goods or services to meet the administrative needs of a Federal research agency. (26) Skilled technical work
“skilled technical work” applies in that section
The term “skilled technical work” means an occupation that requires a high level of knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a bachelor’s degree for entry. (27) STEM
“STEM” applies in that section
The term “STEM” means science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer science. (28) STEM education
“STEM education” applies in that section
The term “STEM education” has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 ( 42 U.S.C. 6621 note). (29) Technical standard
“technical standard” applies in that section
The term “technical standard” has the meaning given such term in section 12(d)(5) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 ( 15 U.S.C. 272 note). (30) Tribal College or University
“Tribal College or University” applies in that section
The term “Tribal College or University” has the meaning given such term in section 1059c of title 20 .
“country of risk” applies in that section
The term “country of risk” means a foreign country determined by the Secretary, in accordance with subparagraph (B), to present a risk of theft of United States intellectual property or a threat to the national security of the United States if nationals of the country, or entities owned or controlled by the country or nationals of the country, participate in any research, development, demonstration, or deployment activity authorized under this division or division A or an amendment made by this division or division A.
“covered support” applies in that section
The term “covered support” means any grant, contract, subcontract, award, loan, program, support, or other activity authorized under this division or division A, or an amendment made by this division or division A. (3) Entity of concern
“entity of concern” applies in that section
The term “entity of concern” means any entity, including a national, that is— (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 105–261 ); (B) identified under section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 ( 10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116–283 ); (C) on the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce and set forth in Supplement No.
“national” applies in that section
The term “national” has the meaning given the term in section 1101 of title 8 . (5) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy. (b) Science and technology risk assessment (1) In general The Secretary shall develop and maintain tools and processes to manage and mitigate research security risks, such as a science and technology risk matrix, informed by threats identified by the Director of the Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to facilitate determinations of the risk of loss of United States intellectual property or threat to the national security of the United States posed by activities carried out under any covered support.
“Director” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Director” means the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2) Enrollment of needy students
“enrollment of needy students” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “enrollment of needy students” has the meaning given the term in section 1058(d) of title 20 . (3) Framework
“Framework” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Framework” means the Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and referred to in Executive Order No. 13800 issued on May 11, 2017 (82 Fed. Reg. 22391 et seq.). (4) Institute
“Institute” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Institute” means the National Institute of Standards and Technology. (5) International standards organization
“international standards organization” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “international standards organization” has the meaning given such term in section 2571 of title 19 . (6) Secretary
“Secretary” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Commerce.
“qualifying institutions” applies in that section
The term “qualifying institutions” means institutions of higher education that are awarded in excess of $50,000,000 per year in total Federal research funding. (2) Resources
“resources” applies in that section
The term “resources” means guidelines, tools, best practices, technical standards, methodologies, and other ways of providing information.
“premise plumbing” applies in that section
the term “premise plumbing” means the water distribution system located within the property lines of a property, including all buildings and permanent structures on such property. Such term includes building supply and distribution pipes, fixtures, fittings, water heaters, water-treating and water-using equipment, and all respective joints, connections, devices, and appurtenances.
“nongovernmental standards development organization” applies in that section
the term “nongovernmental standards development organization” means a nongovernmental standards development organization (as defined in section 2(e) of the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–119 (relating to Federal participation in the development and use of voluntary consensus standards in conformity assessment activities), or any successor document) that adheres to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Essential Requirements for Due Process for American National Standards.
“company” applies in that section
the term “company” has the meaning given such term in section 847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 ( Public Law 116–92 ; 10 U.S.C. 4819 note). (b) to (d) Omitted (e) Advice from the United States Manufacturing Council The Secretary shall seek advice from the United States Manufacturing Council of the International Trade Administration of the Department of Commerce on matters concerning investment in and support of the manufacturing workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program.
“Board” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Board” means the National Science Board. (2) Director
“Director” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Director” means the Director of the National Science Foundation. (3) NSF INCLUDES
“NSF INCLUDES” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “NSF INCLUDES” means the initiative carried out under section 19012 of this title . (4) STEM ecosystem
“STEM ecosystem” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “STEM ecosystem” means a local, regional, or statewide network, consortium, or multi-sector partnership, which may be led or co-led by a nonprofit organizational entity, that is operating in the United States with the goal of supporting participation in STEM study, activities, and career pathways as defined in the CoSTEM Annual Progress Report of 2020 with a broad range of non-Federal partners.
“Administrator” applies in that section
The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the National STEM Teacher Corps. (B) Eligible entity
“Corps Alliance” applies in that section
The term “Corps Alliance” means a regionally or topically based award under this subsection. (F) National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means— (i) an institution of higher education; or (ii) a consortium consisting of an institution of higher education and one or more of the following: (I) A State educational agency (as defined in section 7801 of title 20 ). (II) A local educational agency (as defined in section 7801 of title 20 ). (III) An education nonprofit Association. (IV) A cross sector 5 STEM organization. (V) A private entity, including a STEM-related business. (C) High-need school
“high-need school” applies in that section
The term “high-need school” has the meaning given the term in section 6631(b) of title 20 . (D) Professional development The term “professional Development” 6 has the meaning given the term in section 7801 of title 20 . (E) Corps Alliance
“National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board” applies in that section
The term “National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board” means the Advisory Board for the National STEM Teacher Corps established under paragraph (5). (3) Establishment of National STEM Teacher Corps The Director may, subject to the availability of appropriations, establish within the Foundation, a National STEM Teacher Corps 10-year pilot program to be administered by the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the Director. As appropriate, the Director may use existing NSF programs to establish and execute this program.
“career and technical education” applies in that section
the term “career and technical education” has the meaning given that term in section 2302 of title 20 . (e) Course-based undergraduate research experiences (1) In general The Director shall carry out a 4-year pilot program under which the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to establish a total of not fewer than five Centers to develop and scale up successful models for providing undergraduate students with hands-on, course-based research experiences.
“executive agency” applies in that section
the term “executive agency” has the meaning given the term “Executive agency” in section 105 of title 5 . (2) AI scholarship-for-service initiative report Not later than 1 year after August 9, 2022 , the Director, in coordination with the Office of Personnel Management, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives a report on the need and feasibility, and if appropriate, plans to implement a program to recruit and train the …
“eligible institution” applies in that section
the term “eligible institution” means an institution of higher education that, according to the data published by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, is not, on average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal research and development expenditures during the 3-year period prior to the year of the award. (3) Purpose The activities under this subsection shall be focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student, faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research capacity at eligible institutions and the number of undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees from eligible institutions.
“classified information” applies in that section
The term “classified information” means any information that has been determined pursuant to Executive Order 13526, any predecessor or successor order, or sections 1-274, 275-321, and 1001-3115 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 ( 42 U.S.C. 2011 -2021, 2022-2286i, 2296a-2297h-13) 1 to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is so designated. (2) Controlled unclassified information
“controlled unclassified information” applies in that section
The term “controlled unclassified information” or “CUI” means information described as “Controlled Unclassified Information” under Executive Order 13556 or any successor order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is so designated.
“CUI” applies in that section
The term “controlled unclassified information” or “CUI” means information described as “Controlled Unclassified Information” under Executive Order 13556 or any successor order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is so designated.
“Confucius Institute” applies in that section
the term “Confucius Institute” means a cultural institute established as a partnership between a United States institution of higher education and a Chinese institution of higher education to promote and teach Chinese language and culture that is funded, directly or indirectly, by the Government of the People’s Republic of China.
“Initiative” applies throughout its subchapter
The term “Initiative” means the National Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative established under section 19132 of this title . (2) Omics The term “omics” refers to the collective technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and actions of the various types of molecules that make up the cells and systems of an organism and the systems level analysis of their functions.
“Director” applies throughout its part
the term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.
“Director” applies throughout its part
the term “Director” means the Director of the National Science Foundation.
“Director” applies throughout its part
The term “Director” means the Director of the National Science Foundation. (2) HBCU
“HBCU” applies throughout its part
The term “HBCU” has the meaning given the term “part B institution” in section 1061 of title 20 . (3) Minority serving institution
“minority serving institution” applies throughout its part
The term “minority serving institution” or “MSI” means Hispanic-Serving Institutions as defined in section 1101a) of title 20; Alaska Native Serving Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions as defined in section 1059d of title 20 ; and Predominantly Black Institutions, Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institutions, and Native American-Serving Nontribal Institutions as defined in section 1067q of title 20 . (4) TCU
“MSI” applies throughout its part
The term “minority serving institution” or “MSI” means Hispanic-Serving Institutions as defined in section 1101a) of title 20; Alaska Native Serving Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions as defined in section 1059d of title 20 ; and Predominantly Black Institutions, Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institutions, and Native American-Serving Nontribal Institutions as defined in section 1067q of title 20 . (4) TCU
“TCU” applies throughout its part
The term “TCU” has the meaning given the term “Tribal College or University” in section 1059c of title 20 .
“Director” applies throughout its part
the term “Director” means the Director of the National Science Foundation.
“foreign country of concern” applies in that section
The term “foreign country of concern” means the People’s Republic of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined to be a country of concern by the Department of State. (2) Foreign entity of concern
“foreign entity of concern” applies in that section
The term “foreign entity of concern” means a foreign entity that is— (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under section 1189(a) of title 8 ; (B) included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list); (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872 of title 10 ); (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved in activities for which a conviction was obtained under— (i) chapter 37 …
“national security strategy” applies in that section
The term “national security strategy” means the national security strategy required under section 3043 of title 50 . (b) Strategy and report (1) In general Not later than 90 days after the transmission of each national security strategy under section 3043(a) of title 50 , the President, acting through the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall, in coordination with the National Science and Technology Council, the National Security Council, the Director of the National Economic Council, and the heads of such other relevant Federal agencies as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate and in consultation with such nongovernmental …
“Director” applies in that section
the term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. (2) Distributed ledger
“distributed ledger” applies in that section
The term “distributed ledger” means a ledger that— (A) is shared across a set of distributed nodes, which are devices or processes, that participate in a network and store a complete or partial replica of the ledger; (B) is synchronized between the nodes; (C) has data appended to it by following the ledger’s specified consensus mechanism; (D) may be accessible to anyone (public) or restricted to a subset of participants (private); and (E) may require participants to have authorization to perform certain actions (engaging) or require no authorization (permissionless). (3) Distributed ledger technology
“distributed ledger technology” applies in that section
The term “distributed ledger technology” means technology that enables the operation and use of distributed ledgers. (4) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies in that section
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001 of title 20 . (5) Relevant congressional committees
“relevant congressional committees” applies in that section
The term “relevant congressional committees” means— (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives. (6) Smart contract
“smart contract” applies in that section
The term “smart contract” means a computer program stored in a distributed ledger system that is executed when certain predefined conditions are satisfied and wherein the outcome of any execution of the program may be recorded on the distributed ledger.
“covered individual” applies throughout its part
The term “covered individual” means an individual who— (A) contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to the scientific development or execution of a research and development project proposed to be carried out with a research and development award from a Federal research agency; and (B) is designated as a covered individual by the Federal research agency concerned. (2) Foreign country of concern
“foreign country of concern” applies throughout its part
The term “foreign country of concern” means the People’s Republic of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined to be a country of concern by the Secretary of State. (3) Foreign entity of concern
“foreign entity of concern” applies throughout its part
The term “foreign entity of concern” means a foreign entity that is— (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization by the Secretary of State under section 1189(a) of title 8 ; (B) included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list); (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign country that is a covered nation (as such term is defined in section 4872 of title 10 ); (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been involved in activities for which a conviction was obtained under— (i) chapter 37 …
“malign foreign talent recruitment program” applies throughout its part
The term “malign foreign talent recruitment program” means— (A) any program, position, or activity that includes compensation in the form of cash, in-kind compensation, including research funding, promised future compensation, complimentary foreign travel, things of non de minimis value, honorific titles, career advancement opportunities, or other types of remuneration or consideration directly provided by a foreign country at any level (national, provincial, or local) or their designee, or an entity based in, funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country, whether or not directly sponsored by the foreign country, to the targeted individual, whether directly or indirectly stated in the …
“appropriate committees of Congress” applies in that section
The term “appropriate committees of Congress” has the meaning given such term in section 8801 of title 15 . (3) Q2work Program
“Director” applies in that section
The term “Director” means the Director of the National Science Foundation. (2) Appropriate committees of Congress
“Q2Work Program” applies in that section
The term “Q2Work Program” means the Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation. (b) , (c) Omitted (d) Quantum information science workforce evaluation and acceleration (1) In general Not later than 180 days after August 9, 2022 , the Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and make recommendations for the quantum information science workforce.
“Board” applies in that section
The term “Board” means the Board of Directors described in subsection (b)(2)(A). (2) Department
“covered foundation” applies in that section
the term “covered foundation” means each of the following: (I) An Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation. (II) A Federal Laboratory-Associated Foundation established pursuant to subsection (c)(1). (ii) Support The Foundation shall provide support to and collaborate with covered foundations.
“Department” applies in that section
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy. (3) Executive Director
“Executive Director” applies in that section
The term “Executive Director” means the Executive Director described in subsection (b)(5)(A). (4) Foundation
“Foundation” applies in that section
The term “Foundation” means the Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation established under subsection (b)(1). (5) Historically Black college or university
“historically Black college or university” applies in that section
The term “historically Black college or university” has the meaning given the term “part B institution” in section 1061 of title 20 . (6) Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation
“Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation” applies in that section
The term “Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation” means a Laboratory Foundation established by an operating contractor of a National Laboratory. (7) Minority-serving institution
“minority serving institution” applies in that section
The term “minority serving institution” means a Hispanic-serving institution as defined in section 1101a of title 20 , an Alaska Native-serving institution and a Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section in 1 1059d of title 20, or a Predominantly Black Institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native American-serving nontribal institution as defined in section 1067q of title 20 . (8) National Laboratory
“National Laboratory” applies in that section
The term “National Laboratory” has the meaning given the term in section 15801 of this title . (9) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy. (10) Tribal College or University
“Tribal College or University” applies in that section
The term “Tribal College or University” has the meaning given in section 1059c of title 20 . (b) Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation (1) Establishment (A) In general Not later than 180 days after August 9, 2022 , the Secretary shall establish a nonprofit corporation to be known as the “Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation”. (B) Mission The mission of the Foundation shall be— (i) to support the mission of the Department; and (ii) to advance collaboration with energy researchers, institutions of higher education, industry, and nonprofit and philanthropic organizations to accelerate the commercialization of energy technologies.
“clean energy technology” applies throughout its part
The term “clean energy technology” means a technology that significantly reduces energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates other negative environmental consequences of energy production, transmission or use. (2) Department
“Department” applies throughout its part
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy. (3) Director
“Director” applies throughout its part
The term “Director” means the Director of each National Laboratory and the Director of each Department of Energy single-purpose research facility. (4) Economically distressed area
“economically distressed area” applies throughout its part
The term “economically distressed area” has the meaning described in section 3161(a) of this title . (5) Grant
“grant” applies throughout its part
The term “grant” means a grant award, cooperative agreement award, or any other financial assistance arrangement that the Secretary of Energy determines to be appropriate. (6) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies throughout its part
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given such term in section 1001 of title 20 . (7) National Laboratory
“National Laboratory” applies throughout its part
The term “National Laboratory” has the meaning given that term in section 15801 of this title . (8) Secretary
“Secretary” applies throughout its part
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
“clean energy incubator” applies in that section
the term “clean energy incubator”— (1) means any entity that is designed to accelerate the commercial application of clean energy technologies by providing— (A) physical workspace, labs, and prototyping facilities to support clean energy startups or established clean energy companies; or (B) companies developing such technologies with support, resources, and services, including— (i) access to business education and counseling; (ii) mentorship opportunities; and (iii) other services rendered for the purpose of aiding the development and commercial application of a clean energy technology; and (2) may include a program within or established by a National Laboratory, an institution of higher …
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means a nonprofit entity, an institution of higher education, or an entity working with one or more institutions of higher education. (2) Minority-serving institution
“minority-serving institution” applies in that section
The term “minority-serving institution” means an institution described in section 1067q(a) of title 20 . (b) In general The Secretary shall establish a program, known as the “Clean Energy Technology University Prize”, to award funding for eligible entities to carry out regional and one national clean energy technology prize competitions, under section 3719 of title 15 . In carrying out such prize competitions, students shall compete to develop a business model for furthering the commercial application of an innovative clean energy technology.
“Center” applies in that section
The term “Center” means a Microelectronics Science Research Center established pursuant to subsection (d). (2) Department
“covered determination” applies in that section
the term “covered determination” means a determination of the Secretary— (i) to establish a Center under paragraph (1); (ii) to renew support for a Center under paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or (iii) to terminate a Center under paragraph (5)(B).
“Department” applies in that section
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy. (3) Director
“Director” applies in that section
The term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Science. (4) Historically Black college or university
“historically Black college or university” applies in that section
The term “historically Black college or university” has the meaning given the term “part B institution” in section 1061 of title 20 . (5) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies in that section
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20 . (6) Microelectronics
“microelectronics” applies in that section
The term “microelectronics” means— (A) a semiconductor and related materials; (B) processing chemistries; (C) design technologies; (D) fabrication technologies; (E) lithography technologies; (F) packaging technologies; (G) a sensor; (H) a device; (I) an integrated circuit; (J) a processor; (K) computing architecture; (L) modeling and simulation; (M) a software tool; and (N) any other related technology. (7) Minority-serving institution
“minority-serving institution” applies in that section
The term “minority-serving institution” means— (A) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in section 1101a(a) of title 20 ); (B) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as defined in section 1059d(b) of title 20 ); (C) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as defined in that section); (D) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in section 1067q(c) of title 20 ); (E) an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institution (as defined in that section); and (F) a Native American-serving nontribal institution (as defined in that section). (8) National Laboratory
“National Laboratory” applies in that section
The term “National Laboratory” has the meaning given the term in section 15801 of this title . (9) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the program established under subsection (c)(1). (10) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy. (11) Skilled technical workforce
“skilled technical workforce” applies in that section
The term “skilled technical workforce” has the meaning given the term in section 4(b)(3) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, and Apprenticeships Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1862p note; Public Law 115–402 ). (12) Tribal College or University
“Tribal College or University” applies in that section
The term “Tribal College or University” has the meaning given the term in section 1059c of title 20 . (13) Work-based learning
“work-based learning” applies in that section
The term “work-based learning” has the meaning given the term in section 2302 of title 20 . (b) Findings Congress finds that— (1) the coming end of Moore’s Law presents major technological challenges and opportunities for the United States and has important implications for national security, economic competitiveness, and scientific discovery; (2) future progress and innovation in microelectronics, and the maintenance of a robust domestic microelectronics supply chain, will require an approach that advances relevant materials science, electronic and photonic device technologies, processing and packaging technologies, manufacturing technologies, circuit, chip, and system architecture, and …
“National Laboratory” applies in that section
the term “National Laboratory” means— (1) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory; (2) the National Energy Technology Laboratory; (3) the Idaho National Laboratory; (4) the Savannah River National Laboratory; (5) the Sandia National Laboratories; (6) the Los Alamos National Laboratory; and (7) the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. (b) Restoration and modernization projects (1) In general The Secretary shall fund projects described in paragraph (2) as needed to address the deferred maintenance, critical infrastructure needs, and modernization of National Laboratories.
“advanced nuclear reactor” applies in that section
The term “advanced nuclear reactor” has the meaning given the term in section 16271(b) of this title . (2) Eligible entity
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means each of— (A) a State; (B) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 5304 of title 25 ); (C) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 5304 of title 25 ); (D) a unit of local government; (E) an electric utility (as defined in section 796 of title 16 ); (F) a National Laboratory (as defined in section 15801 of this title ); (G) an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001(a) of title 20 ); and (H) a private entity specializing in— (i) advanced nuclear technology development; (ii) nuclear supply chains; or (iii) with respect to nuclear technologies and nonelectric applications of nuclear technologies, construction, project financing, contract …
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the program established under subsection (b)(1). (4) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy. (b) Establishment of program (1) In general The Secretary shall establish a program to provide Federal financial assistance to eligible entities to support the research, development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced nuclear reactors and associated supply chain infrastructure. (2) Competitive procedures To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall carry out the program using a competitive, merit-based review process that is consistent with section 16353 of this title .
“nondisclosure clause” applies throughout its chapter
The term “nondisclosure clause” means a provision in a contract or agreement that requires the parties to the contract or agreement not to disclose or discuss conduct, the existence of a settlement involving conduct, or information covered by the terms and conditions of the contract or agreement. (2) Nondisparagement clause
“nondisparagement clause” applies throughout its chapter
The term “nondisparagement clause” means a provision in a contract or agreement that requires 1 or more parties to the contract or agreement not to make a negative statement about another party that relates to the contract, agreement, claim, or case. (3) Sexual assault dispute
“sexual assault dispute” applies throughout its chapter
The term “sexual assault dispute” means a dispute involving a nonconsensual sexual act or sexual contact, as such terms are defined in section 2246 of title 18 or similar applicable Tribal or State law, including when the victim lacks capacity to consent. (4) Sexual harassment dispute
“sexual harassment dispute” applies throughout its chapter
The term “sexual harassment dispute” means a dispute relating to conduct that is alleged to constitute sexual harassment under applicable Federal, Tribal, or State law.
“covered grant” applies in that section
the term “covered grant” means any competitive grant relating to the construction, modification, rehabilitation, or preservation of housing, as determined by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. (b) Priority When awarding a covered grant, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may give additional weight to applicants with proposed activities or projects that are located in or substantially and directly benefit a community designated as a qualified opportunity zone under section 1400Z–1 of title 26 .
“affordable unit” applies in that section
The term “affordable unit” means a unit for which the monthly rental payment is not more than 30 percent of the gross income of an individual earning at or below 80 percent of the area median income, as defined by the Secretary. (2) Assisted unit
“assisted unit” applies in that section
The term “assisted unit” means a unit that undergoes repair or rehabilitation work through a whole-home repairs program administered by an implementing organization under this section. (3) Eligible home-owner
“eligible home-owner” applies in that section
The term “eligible home-owner” means a home-owner— (A) with a household income that— (i) is not more than 80 percent of the area median income; or (ii) meets the income eligibility requirements for receiving assistance or benefits under a specified program, as defined in paragraph (11); and (B) who is— (i) an owner of record as evidenced by a publicly recorded deed, or other document recorded by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and occupies the home on which repairs are to be conducted as their principal residence; (ii) an owner-occupant of the manufactured home on which repairs are to be conducted; (iii) an owner-occupant of the cooperative housing unit on which repairs are to be conducted; …
“eligible landlord” applies in that section
The term “eligible landlord” means an individual— (A) who owns, as determined by the relevant implementing organization, fewer than 10 eligible rental properties, with a majority of affordable units and not more than 25 total units, operated as primary residences in which a majority ownership interest is held by the individual, the spouse of the individual, or the dependent children of the individual, or any closely held legal entity controlled by the individual, the spouse of the individual, or the dependent children of the individual, either individually or collectively; and (B) who agrees to the provisions described in subsection (b)(3). (5) Eligible rental property
“eligible rental property” applies in that section
The term “eligible rental property” means a residential property that— (A) is leased, or offered exclusively for lease, as a primary residence by an eligible landlord; and (B) includes affordable units. (6) Forgivable loan
“forgivable loan” applies in that section
The term “forgivable loan” means a loan— (A) made to an eligible landlord; (B) that is secured by a lien recorded against a residential property; and (C) that may be forgiven by the implementing organization not later than the date that is 3 years after the completion of the repairs if the eligible landlord has maintained compliance with the loan agreement described in subsection (b)(3). (7) Implementing organization
“implementing organization” applies in that section
The term “implementing organization”— (A) means a unit of general local government or a State that— (i) will administer a whole-home repairs program through an agency, department, or other entity; or (ii) enters into agreements with 1 or more local governments, Indian tribes, municipal authorities, other governmental authorities, including a tribally designated housing entity, or qualified nonprofit organizations, to administer a whole-home repairs program as a subrecipient; and (B) does not include a redundant entity in a jurisdiction already served by a grantee under subsection (b). (8) Indian tribe
“Indian tribe” applies in that section
The term “Indian tribe” has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 ( 25 U.S.C. 4103 ). (9) Qualified nonprofit