r/title-42-THE-PUBLIC-HEALTH-AND-WELFARE wiki — defined terms
The statute’s own glossary: every term Title 42 defines, in section order.
“related instruction” applies in that section
The term “related instruction” means an organized and systematic form of instruction designed to provide an individual in a pre-apprenticeship program or apprenticeship program with the knowledge of the technical subjects related to the intended occupation of the individual after completion of the program. (15) Secretary
“secondary school” applies in that section
The terms “local educational agency” and “secondary school” have the meanings given the terms in section 7801 of title 20 . (2) WIOA terms
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor, except as otherwise specified in this section. (16) Sponsor
“sponsor” applies in that section
The term “sponsor” means any person, association, committee, or organization operating a pre-apprenticeship program or apprenticeship program and in whose name the program is (or is to be) registered or approved. (17) State apprenticeship agency
“State apprenticeship agency” applies in that section
The term “State apprenticeship agency” has the meaning given that term in section 29.2 of title 29, Code of Federal Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or ruling). (18) State workforce development board
“State workforce development board” applies in that section
The term “State workforce development board” has the meaning given the term “State board” in section 3102 of title 29 . (19) Workforce intermediary
“workforce intermediary” applies in that section
The term “workforce intermediary”— (A) means a nonprofit organization that— (i) proactively addresses workforce needs using a dual customer approach, which considers the needs of both employees and employers; and (ii) has partnered with a sponsor of a pre-apprenticeship program or apprenticeship program or is a sponsor of a pre-apprenticeship program or apprenticeship program; and (B) may include a community organization, an employer organization, a community college, a temporary staffing agency, a State workforce development board, a local workforce development board, or a labor or labor-management organization.
“workplace learning advisor” applies in that section
The terms “career planning”, “community-based organization”, “customized training”, “economic development agency”, “individual with a barrier to employment”, “industry or sector partnership”, “on-the-job training”, “recognized postsecondary credential”, and “workplace learning advisor” have the meanings given such terms in section 3102 of title 29 . (3) Apprenticeship program
“Department” applies in that section
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy. (2) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies in that section
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20 . (3) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
“Administrator” applies in that section
The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. (2) Battery
“battery” applies in that section
The term “battery” means an electrochemical energy storage system powered directly by electrical current. (3) Electric transportation technology
“electric transportation technology” applies in that section
The term “electric transportation technology” means— (A) technology used in vehicles that use an electric motor for all or part of the motive power of the vehicles, including battery electric, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, fuel cell, and plug-in fuel cell vehicles, or rail transportation; or (B) equipment relating to transportation or mobile sources of air pollution that use an electric motor to replace an internal combustion engine for all or part of the work of the equipment, including— (i) corded electric equipment linked to transportation or mobile sources of air pollution; and (ii) electrification technologies at airports, ports, truck stops, and material-handling …
“nonroad vehicle” applies in that section
The term “nonroad vehicle” means a vehicle— (A) powered— (i) by a nonroad engine, as that term is defined in section 7550 of this title ; or (ii) fully or partially by an electric motor powered by a fuel cell, a battery, or an off-board source of electricity; and (B) that is not a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition. (5) Plug-in electric drive vehicle
“plug-in electric drive vehicle” applies in that section
The term “plug-in electric drive vehicle” means a vehicle that— (A) draws motive power from a battery with a capacity of at least 4 kilowatt-hours; (B) can be recharged from an external source of electricity for motive power; and (C) is a light-, medium-, or heavy-duty motor vehicle or nonroad vehicle (as those terms are defined in section 7550 of this title ). (6) Qualified electric transportation project
“qualified electric transportation project” applies in that section
The term “qualified electric transportation project” means an electric transportation technology project that would significantly reduce emissions of criteria pollutants, greenhouse gas emissions, and petroleum, including— (A) shipside or shoreside electrification for vessels; (B) truck-stop electrification; (C) electric truck refrigeration units; (D) battery-powered auxiliary power units for trucks; (E) electric airport ground support equipment; (F) electric material and cargo handling equipment; (G) electric or dual-mode electric rail; (H) any distribution upgrades needed to supply electricity to the project; and (I) any ancillary infrastructure, including panel upgrades, battery …
“advanced technology vehicle” applies in that section
The term “advanced technology vehicle” means— (A) an ultra efficient vehicle or a light duty vehicle that meets— (i) the Bin 5 Tier II emission standard established in regulations issued by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency under section 202(i) of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7521(i) ), or a lower-numbered Bin emission standard; (ii) any new emission standard in effect for fine particulate matter prescribed by the Administrator under that Act ( 42 U.S.C.
“combined fuel economy” applies in that section
The term “combined fuel economy” means— (A) the combined city/highway miles per gallon values, as reported in accordance with section 32904 of title 49 ; and (B) in the case of an electric drive vehicle with the ability to recharge from an off-board source, the reported mileage, as determined in a manner consistent with the Society of Automotive Engineers recommended practice for that configuration or a similar practice recommended by the Secretary. (3) Engineering integration costs
“covered firm” applies in that section
the term “covered firm” means a firm that— (A) employs less than 500 individuals; and (B) manufactures ultra efficient vehicles, advanced technology vehicles, or components of advanced technology vehicles. (2) Set aside Of the amount of funds that are used to provide awards for each fiscal year under subsection (b), the Secretary shall use not less than 10 percent to provide awards to covered firms or consortia led by a covered firm.
“engineering integration costs” applies in that section
The term “engineering integration costs” includes the cost of engineering tasks relating to— (A) incorporating qualifying components into the design of advanced technology vehicles; and (B) designing tooling and equipment and developing manufacturing processes and material suppliers for production facilities that produce qualifying components or advanced technology vehicles. (4) Qualifying components
“qualifying components” applies in that section
The term “qualifying components” means components that the Secretary determines to be— (A) designed for advanced technology vehicles; and (B) installed for the purpose of meeting the performance requirements of advanced technology vehicles. (5) Ultra efficient vehicle
“ultra efficient vehicle” applies in that section
The term “ultra efficient vehicle” means a fully closed compartment vehicle designed to carry at least 2 adult passengers that achieves— (A) at least 75 miles per gallon while operating on gasoline or diesel fuel; (B) at least 75 miles per gallon equivalent while operating as a hybrid electric-gasoline or electric-diesel vehicle; or (C) at least 75 miles per gallon equivalent while operating as a fully electric vehicle.
“ASTM” applies in that section
The term “ASTM” means the American Society of Testing and Materials. (2) Biomass-based diesel
“biodiesel” applies in that section
The term “biodiesel” means the monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from plant or animal matter that meet— (A) the registration requirements for fuels and fuel additives under this section; and (B) the requirements of ASTM standard D6751. (4) Biomass-based diesel and biodiesel blends
“biodiesel blend” applies in that section
The terms “biomass-based diesel blend” and “biodiesel blend” means a blend of “biomass-based diesel” or “biodiesel” fuel that is blended with petroleum-based diesel fuel.
“biomass-based diesel” applies in that section
The term “biomass-based diesel” means biodiesel as defined in section 13220(f) of this title . (3) Biodiesel
“biomass-based diesel blend” applies in that section
The terms “biomass-based diesel blend” and “biodiesel blend” means a blend of “biomass-based diesel” or “biodiesel” fuel that is blended with petroleum-based diesel fuel.
“eligible entity” applies in that section
the term “eligible entity” means— (1) an 1890 Institution (as defined in section 7601 of title 7 ); (2) a part B institution (as defined in section 1061 of title 20 ) (commonly referred to as “Historically Black Colleges and Universities”); (3) a tribal college or university (as defined in section 1059c(b) of title 20 ); or (4) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in section 1101a(a) of title 20 ). (b) Grants The Secretary shall make cellulosic ethanol and biofuels research and development grants to 10 eligible entities selected by the Secretary to receive a grant under this section through a peer-reviewed competitive process.
“Indian tribe” applies in that section
The term “Indian tribe” has the meaning as defined in section 15823(c) of this title . (2) Renewable energy
“renewable energy” applies in that section
The term “renewable energy” has the meaning as defined in section 16181 of this title . (3) Urbanized area
“urbanized area” applies in that section
The term “urbanized area” has the meaning as defined by the U.S. Bureau of the Census.
“renewable fuel blend” applies in that section
the term “renewable fuel blend” means a gasoline blend that contains not less than 11 percent, and not more than 85 percent, renewable fuel or diesel fuel that contains at least 10 percent renewable fuel. (b) Infrastructure development grants (1) Establishment The Secretary shall establish a program for making grants for providing assistance to retail and wholesale motor fuel dealers or other entities for the installation, replacement, or conversion of motor fuel storage and dispensing infrastructure to be used exclusively to store and dispense renewable fuel blends.
“Administrator” applies throughout this title
The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of General Services. (2) Advisory Committee
“Advisory Committee” applies throughout this title
The term “Advisory Committee” means the Green Building Advisory Committee established under section 484. 1 (3) Commercial Director
“Commercial Director” applies throughout this title
The term “Commercial Director” means the individual appointed to the position established under section 17081 of this title . (4) Consortium
“Consortium” applies throughout this title
The term “Consortium” means the High-Performance Green Building Partnership Consortium created in response to section 17092(c)(1) of this title to represent the private sector in a public-private partnership to promote high-performance green buildings and zero-net-energy commercial buildings. (5) Cost-effective lighting technology (A) In general
“cost-effective lighting technology” applies throughout this title
The term “cost-effective lighting technology” means a lighting technology that— (i) will result in substantial operational cost savings by ensuring an installed consumption of not more than 1 watt per square foot; or (ii) is contained in a list under— (I) section 8259b of this title ; (II) Federal acquisition regulation 23–203; and (III) is at least as energy-conserving as required by other provisions of this Act, including the requirements of this title 1 and title III 1 which shall be applicable to the extent that they would achieve greater energy savings than provided under clause (i) or this clause. 2 (B) Inclusions
“cost-effective technologies and practices” applies throughout this title
The term “cost-effective technologies and practices” means a technology or practice that— (A) will result in substantial operational cost savings by reducing electricity or fossil fuel consumption, water, or other utility costs, including use of geothermal heat pumps; (B) complies with the provisions of section 8259b of this title and Federal acquisition regulation 23–203; and (C) is at least as energy and water conserving as required under this title, 1 including sections 431 through 435, and title V, 1 including sections 511 through 525, which shall be applicable to the extent that they are more stringent or require greater energy or water savings than required by this section.
“Federal Director” applies throughout this title
The term “Federal Director” means the individual appointed to the position established under section 17092(a) of this title . (8) Federal facility
“Federal facility” applies throughout this title
The term “Federal facility” means any building that is constructed, renovated, leased, or purchased in part or in whole for use by the Federal Government. (9) Operational cost savings (A) In general
“geothermal heat pump” applies throughout this title
The term “geothermal heat pump” means any heating or air conditioning technology that— (A) uses the ground or ground water as a thermal energy source to heat, or as a thermal energy sink to cool, a building; and (B) meets the requirements of the Energy Star program of the Environmental Protection Agency applicable to geothermal heat pumps on the date of purchase of the technology. (11) GSA facility (A) In general
“GSA facility” applies throughout this title
The term “GSA facility” means any building, structure, or facility, in whole or in part (including the associated support systems of the building, structure, or facility) that— (i) is constructed (including facilities constructed for lease), renovated, or purchased, in whole or in part, by the Administrator for use by the Federal Government; or (ii) is leased, in whole or in part, by the Administrator for use by the Federal Government— (I) except as provided in subclause (II), for a term of not less than 5 years; or (II) for a term of less than 5 years, if the Administrator determines that use of cost-effective technologies and practices would result in the payback of expenses. (B) Inclusion
“high-performance building” applies throughout this title
The term “high-performance building” means a building that integrates and optimizes on a life cycle basis all major high performance attributes, including energy conservation, environment, safety, security, durability, accessibility, cost-benefit, productivity, sustainability, functionality, and operational considerations. (13) High-performance green building
“high-performance green building” applies throughout this title
The term “high-performance green building” means a high-performance building that, during its life-cycle, as compared with similar buildings (as measured by Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey or Residential Energy Consumption Survey data from the Energy Information Agency)— (A) reduces energy, water, and material resource use; (B) improves indoor environmental quality, including reducing indoor pollution, improving thermal comfort, and improving lighting and acoustic environments that affect occupant health and productivity; (C) reduces negative impacts on the environment throughout the life-cycle of the building, including air and water pollution and waste generation; (D) …
“life-cycle assessment” applies throughout this title
The term “life-cycle assessment” means a comprehensive system approach for measuring the environmental performance of a product or service over the life of the product or service, beginning at raw materials acquisition and continuing through manufacturing, transportation, installation, use, reuse, and end-of-life waste management.
“Office of Commercial High-Performance Green Buildings” applies throughout this title
The term “Office of Commercial High-Performance Green Buildings” means the Office of Commercial High-Performance Green Buildings established under section 17081(a) of this title . (18) Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings
“Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings” applies throughout this title
The term “Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings” means the Office of Federal High-Performance Green Buildings established under section 17092(a) of this title . (19) Practices
“operational cost savings” applies throughout this title
The term “operational cost savings” means a reduction in end-use operational costs through the application of cost-effective technologies and practices or geothermal heat pumps, including a reduction in electricity consumption relative to consumption by the same customer or at the same facility in a given year, as defined in guidelines promulgated by the Administrator pursuant to section 7628(b) of this title , that achieves cost savings sufficient to pay the incremental additional costs of using cost-effective technologies and practices including geothermal heat pumps by not later than the later of the date established under sections 431 through 434, 1 or— (i) for cost-effective …
“practices” applies throughout this title
The term “practices” means design, financing, permitting, construction, commissioning, operation and maintenance, and other practices that contribute to achieving zero-net-energy buildings or facilities. (20) Zero-net-energy commercial building
“zero-net-energy commercial building” applies throughout this title
The term “zero-net-energy commercial building” means a commercial building that is designed, constructed, and operated to— (A) require a greatly reduced quantity of energy to operate; (B) meet the balance of energy needs from sources of energy that do not produce greenhouse gases; (C) therefore result in no net emissions of greenhouse gases; and (D) be economically viable.
“Administrator” applies in that section
The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of General Services. (2) Cost-effective energy efficiency measure
“cost-effective energy efficiency measure” applies in that section
The term “cost-effective energy efficiency measure” means any building product, material, equipment, or service, and the installing, implementing, or operating thereof, that provides energy savings in an amount that is not less than the cost of such installing, implementing, or operating. (3) Cost-effective water efficiency measure
“cost-effective water efficiency measure” applies in that section
The term “cost-effective water efficiency measure” means any building product, material, equipment, or service, and the installing, implementing, or operating thereof, that provides water savings in an amount that is not less than the cost of such installing, implementing, or operating. (b) Model provisions, policies, and best practices (1) In general Not later than 180 days after April 30, 2015 , the Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy and after providing the public with an opportunity for notice and comment, shall develop model commercial leasing provisions and best practices in accordance with this subsection.
“Department” applies in that section
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy. (2) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the Federal Smart Building Program established under subsection (b)(1). (3) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy. (4) Smart building
“smart building” applies in that section
The term “smart building” means a building, or collection of buildings, with an energy system that— (A) is flexible and automated; (B) has extensive operational monitoring and communication connectivity, allowing remote monitoring and analysis of all building functions; (C) takes a systems-based approach in integrating the overall building operations for control of energy generation, consumption, and storage; (D) communicates with utilities and other third-party commercial entities, if appropriate; (E) protects the health and safety of occupants and workers; and (F) incorporates cybersecurity best practices. (5) Smart building accelerator
“smart building accelerator” applies in that section
The term “smart building accelerator” means an initiative that is designed to demonstrate specific innovative policies and approaches— (A) with clear goals and a clear timeline; and (B) that, on successful demonstration, would accelerate investment in energy efficiency. (b) Federal Smart Building Program (1) Establishment Not later than 1 year after December 27, 2020 , the Secretary shall, in consultation with the Administrator of General Services, establish a program to be known as the “Federal Smart Building Program”— (A) to implement smart building technology; and (B) to demonstrate the costs and benefits of smart buildings.
“consortium” applies in that section
The term “consortium” means a High-Performance Green Building Consortium selected by the Commercial Director. (2) Initiative
“initiative” applies in that section
The term “initiative” means the Zero-Net-Energy Commercial Buildings Initiative established under subsection (b)(1). (3) Zero-net-energy commercial building
“zero-net-energy commercial building” applies in that section
The term “zero-net-energy commercial building” means a high-performance commercial building that is designed, constructed, and operated— (A) to require a greatly reduced quantity of energy to operate; (B) to meet the balance of energy needs from sources of energy that do not produce greenhouse gases; (C) in a manner that will result in no net emissions of greenhouse gases; and (D) to be economically viable.
“high-performance energy efficiency measure” applies in that section
The term “high-performance energy efficiency measure” means a technology, product, or practice that will result in substantial operational cost savings by reducing energy consumption and utility costs. (2) Separate spaces
“separate spaces” applies in that section
The term “separate spaces” means areas within a commercial building that are leased or otherwise occupied by a tenant or other occupant for a period of time pursuant to the terms of a written agreement.
“high-performance energy efficiency measure” applies in that section
The term “high-performance energy efficiency measure” has the meaning given the term in section 17084 of this title . (2) Separate spaces
“separate spaces” applies in that section
The term “separate spaces” has the meaning given the term in section 17084 of this title . (b) Tenant Star The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall develop a voluntary program within the Energy Star program established by section 6294a of this title , which may be known as “Tenant Star”, to promote energy efficiency in separate spaces leased by tenants or otherwise occupied within commercial buildings.
“Administrator” applies in that section
the term “Administrator” means the Administrator of General Services. (b) Establishment (1) In general The Administrator shall establish a program to accelerate the use of more cost-effective technologies and practices at GSA facilities.
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means— (A) an energy-intensive industry; (B) a national trade association representing an energy-intensive industry; or (C) a person acting on behalf of 1 or more energy-intensive industries or sectors, as determined by the Secretary. (2) Energy-intensive industry
“energy-intensive industry” applies in that section
The term “energy-intensive industry” means an industry that uses significant quantities of energy as part of its primary economic activities, including— (A) information technology, including data centers containing electrical equipment used in processing, storing, and transmitting digital information; (B) consumer product manufacturing; (C) food processing; (D) materials manufacturers, including— (i) aluminum; (ii) chemicals; (iii) forest and paper products; (iv) metal casting; (v) glass; (vi) petroleum refining; (vii) mining; and (viii) steel; (E) water and wastewater treatment facilities, including systems that treat municipal, industrial, and agricultural waste; and (F) other …
“feedstock” applies in that section
The term “feedstock” means the raw material supplied for use in manufacturing, chemical, and biological processes. (4) Partnership
“partnership” applies in that section
The term “partnership” means an energy efficiency partnership established under subsection (c)(1)(A). (5) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the energy-intensive industries program established under subsection (b). (b) Establishment of program The Secretary shall establish a program under which the Secretary, in cooperation with energy-intensive industries and national industry trade associations representing the energy-intensive industries, shall support, research, develop, and promote the use of new materials processes, technologies, and techniques to optimize energy efficiency and the economic competitiveness of the United States’ industrial and commercial sectors.
“data center” applies in that section
The term “data center” means any facility that primarily contains electronic equipment used to process, store, and transmit digital information, which may be— (A) a free-standing structure; or (B) a facility within a larger structure, that uses environmental control equipment to maintain the proper conditions for the operation of electronic equipment. (2) Data center operator
“data center operator” applies in that section
The term “data center operator” means any person or government entity that builds or operates a data center or purchases data center services, equipment, and facilities. (b) Voluntary national information program (1) In general Not later than 90 days after December 19, 2007 , the Secretary and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall, after consulting with information technology industry and other interested parties, initiate a voluntary national information program for those types of data centers and data center equipment and facilities that are widely used and for which there is a potential for significant data center energy savings as a result of the program.
“report” applies in that section
the term “report” means the report of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory entitled “United States Data Center Energy Usage Report” and dated June 2016, which was prepared as an update to the “Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency”, published on August 2, 2007 , pursuant to section 1 of Public Law 109–431 ( 120 Stat. 2920 ).
“critical material or mineral” applies in that section
The term “critical material or mineral” means a material or mineral that serves an essential function in the manufacturing of a product and has a high risk of a supply disruption, such that a shortage of such a material or mineral would have significant consequences for United States economic or national security.
“Director” applies in that section
The term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. (2) Eligible entity
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means— (A) a scientist or other individual with knowledge and expertise in emissions reduction; (B) an institution of higher education; (C) a nongovernmental organization; (D) a National Laboratory; (E) a private entity; and (F) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more entities described in subparagraphs (B) through (E). (3) Emissions reduction (A) In general
“emissions reduction” applies in that section
The term “emissions reduction” means the reduction, to the maximum extent practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere by energy services and industrial processes. (B) Exclusion The term “emissions reduction” does not include the elimination of carbon embodied in the principal products of industrial manufacturing. (4) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the program established under subsection (b)(1). (5) Critical material or mineral
“commercially available steelmaking” applies in that section
The term “commercially available steelmaking” means the current production method of iron, steel, and steel mill products. (2) Critical material
“critical material” applies in that section
The term “critical material” has the meaning given such term in section 1606 of title 30 . (3) Critical mineral
“critical mineral” applies in that section
The term “critical mineral” has the meaning given such term in section 1606 of title 30 . (4) Eligible entity
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means— (A) an institution of higher education; (B) an appropriate State or Federal entity, including a federally funded research and development center of the Department; (C) a nonprofit research institution; (D) a private entity; (E) any other relevant entity the Secretary determines appropriate; and (F) a partnership or consortium of two or more entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E). (5) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies in that section
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001 of title 20 . (6) Low-emissions steel manufacturing
“low-emissions steel manufacturing” applies in that section
The term “low-emissions steel manufacturing” means advanced or commercially available steelmaking with the reduction, to the maximum extent practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere from the production of iron, steel, and steel mill products. (c) In general Not later than 180 days after August 9, 2022 , the Secretary shall establish a program of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of advanced tools, technologies, and methods for low-emissions steel manufacturing.
“advanced industrial technology” applies in that section
The term “advanced industrial technology” means a technology directly involved in an industrial process, as described in any of paragraphs (1) through (6) of section 17113(c) of this title , and designed to accelerate greenhouse gas emissions reduction progress to net-zero at an eligible facility, as determined by the Secretary. (2) Eligible entity
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means the owner or operator of an eligible facility. (3) Eligible facility
“eligible facility” applies in that section
The term “eligible facility” means a domestic, non-Federal, nonpower industrial or manufacturing facility engaged in energy-intensive industrial processes, including production processes for iron, steel, steel mill products, aluminum, cement, concrete, glass, pulp, paper, industrial ceramics, chemicals, and other energy intensive industrial processes, as determined by the Secretary. (4) Financial assistance
“financial assistance” applies in that section
The term “financial assistance” means a grant, rebate, direct loan, or cooperative agreement.
“Committee” applies in that section
The term “Committee” means the Industrial Technology Innovation Advisory Committee established under subsection (b). (2) Director
“Director” applies in that section
The term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. (3) Emissions reduction
“emissions reduction” applies in that section
The term “emissions reduction” has the meaning given the term in section 17113(a) of this title . (4) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the industrial emissions reduction technology development program established under section 17113(b)(1) of this title . (b) Establishment Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020 , the Secretary, in consultation with the Director, shall establish an advisory committee, to be known as the “Industrial Technology Innovation Advisory Committee”. (c) Membership (1) Appointment The Committee shall be comprised of not fewer than 16 members and not more than 20 members, who shall be appointed by the Secretary, in consultation with the Director.
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means— (A) a State; (B) a unit of local government; (C) a territory or possession of the United States; (D) a relevant State or local office, including an energy office; (E) a tribal organization (as defined in section 3765 of title 38 ); (F) an institution of higher education; and 1 (G) a private entity; and (H) a trade association or technical society. (2) Emissions reduction
“emissions reduction” applies in that section
The term “emissions reduction” has the meaning given the term in section 17113(a) of this title . (3) Program
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the program established under subsection (b). (b) Establishment Not later than 1 year after December 27, 2020 , the Secretary shall establish a program to provide technical assistance to eligible entities to promote the commercial application of emission reduction technologies developed through the program established in section 17113(b) of this title . (c) Applications (1) In general An eligible entity desiring technical assistance under the program shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.
“smart manufacturing” applies in that section
the term “smart manufacturing” means advanced technologies in information, automation, monitoring, computation, sensing, modeling, artificial intelligence, analytics, and networking that— (1) digitally— (A) simulate manufacturing production lines; (B) operate computer-controlled manufacturing equipment; (C) monitor and communicate production line status; and (D) manage and optimize energy productivity and cost throughout production; (2) model, simulate, and optimize the energy efficiency of a factory building; (3) monitor and optimize building energy performance; (4) model, simulate, and optimize the design of energy efficient and sustainable products, including the use of digital …
“covered project” applies in that section
The term “covered project” means a project— (A) that has been recommended in an energy assessment described in paragraph (2)(A) conducted for an eligible entity; and (B) with respect to which the plant site of that eligible entity— (i) improves— (I) energy efficiency; (II) material efficiency; (III) cybersecurity; or (IV) productivity; or (ii) reduces— (I) waste production; (II) greenhouse gas emissions; or (III) nongreenhouse gas pollution. (2) Eligible entity
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means a small- or medium-sized manufacturer that has had an energy assessment completed by— (A) an industrial research and assessment center; (B) a Department of Energy Combined Heat and Power Technical Assistance Partnership jointly with an industrial research and assessment center; or (C) a third-party assessor that provides an assessment equivalent to an assessment described in subparagraph (A) or (B), as determined by the Secretary. (3) Energy service provider
“energy service provider” applies in that section
The term “energy service provider” means— (A) any business providing technology or services to improve the energy efficiency, water efficiency, power factor, or load management of a manufacturing site or other industrial process in an energy-intensive industry (as defined in section 17111(a) of this title ); and (B) any utility operating under a utility energy service project. (4) Industrial research and assessment center
“industrial research and assessment center” applies in that section
The term “industrial research and assessment center” means— (A) an institution of higher education-based industrial research and assessment center that is funded by the Secretary under subsection (b); and (B) an industrial research and assessment center at a trade school, community college, or union training program that is funded by the Secretary under subsection (f). (5) Program
“Program” applies in that section
The term “Program” means the program for implementation grants established under subsection (i)(1). (6) Small- or medium-sized manufacturer
“small- or medium-sized manufacturer” applies in that section
The term “small- or medium-sized manufacturer” means a manufacturing firm— (A) the gross annual sales of which are less than $100,000,000; (B) that has fewer than 500 employees at the plant site of the manufacturing firm; and (C) the annual energy bills of which total more than $100,000 but less than $3,500,000. (b) Institution of higher education-based industrial research and assessment centers (1) In general The Secretary shall provide funding to institution of higher education-based industrial research and assessment centers.
“eligible entity” applies throughout its part
The term “eligible entity” means— (A) a State; (B) an eligible unit of local government; and (C) an Indian tribe. (2) Eligible unit of local government
“eligible unit of local government” applies throughout its part
The term “eligible unit of local government” means— (A) an eligible unit of local government-alternative 1; and (B) an eligible unit of local government-alternative 2. (3) (A) Eligible unit of local government-alternative 1
“eligible unit of local government-alternative 1” applies throughout its part
The term “eligible unit of local government-alternative 1” means— (i) a city with a population— (I) of at least 35,000; or (II) that causes the city to be 1 of the 10 highest-populated cities of the State in which the city is located; and (ii) a county with a population— (I) of at least 200,000; or (II) that causes the county to be 1 of the 10 highest-populated counties of the State in which the county is located. (B) Eligible unit of local government-alternative 2
“eligible unit of local government-alternative 2” applies throughout its part
The term “eligible unit of local government-alternative 2” means— (i) a city with a population of at least 50,000; or (ii) a county with a population of at least 200,000. (4) Indian tribe
“Indian tribe” applies throughout its part
The term “Indian tribe” has the meaning given the term in section 5304 of title 25 . (5) Program
“program” applies throughout its part
The term “program” means the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program established under section 17152(a) of this title . (6) State
“State” applies throughout its part
The term “State” means— (A) a State; (B) the District of Columbia; (C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and (D) any other territory or possession of the United States.
“direct solar renewable energy” applies in that section
the term “direct solar renewable energy” means energy from a device that converts sunlight into useable light within a building, tunnel, or other enclosed structure, replacing artificial light generated by a light fixture and doing so without the conversion of the sunlight into another form of energy; and;
“light pipe” applies in that section
the term “light pipe” means a device designed to transport visible solar radiation from its collection point to the interior of a building while excluding interior heat gain in the nonheating season. (d) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this section $3,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
“eligible entity” applies throughout its part
The term “eligible entity” means any of the following entities: (A) An institution of higher education. (B) A National laboratory. (C) A Federal research agency. (D) A State research agency. (E) A nonprofit research organization. (F) An industrial entity. (G) A consortium of 2 or more entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (F). (3) Enhanced geothermal systems
“engineered” applies throughout its part
the term “engineered” means designed to access subsurface heat, including stimulation and nonstimulation technologies to address one or more of the following issues: (A) Lack of effective permeability, porosity or open fracture connectivity within the heat reservoir. (B) Insufficient contained geofluid in the heat reservoir. (C) A low average geothermal gradient which necessitates deeper drilling, or the use of alternative heat sources or heat generation processes. (2) Eligible entity
“enhanced geothermal systems” applies throughout its part
The term “enhanced geothermal systems” means geothermal reservoir systems that are engineered, as opposed to occurring naturally. (4) Geofluid
“geofluid” applies throughout its part
The term “geofluid” means any fluid used to extract thermal energy from the Earth which is transported to the surface for direct use or electric power generation, except that such term shall not include oil or natural gas. (5) Geopressured resources
“geopressured resources” applies throughout its part
The term “geopressured resources” mean geothermal deposits found in sedimentary rocks under higher than normal pressure and saturated with gas or methane. (6) Geothermal The term “geothermal” refers to heat energy stored in the Earth’s crust that can be accessed for direct use or electric power generation. (7) Hydrothermal The term “hydrothermal” refers to naturally occurring subsurface reservoirs of hot water or steam. (8) Systems approach
“systems approach” applies throughout its part
The term “systems approach” means an approach to solving problems or designing systems that attempts to optimize the performance of the overall system, rather than a particular component of the system.
“direct use of geothermal energy” applies in that section
The term “direct use of geothermal energy” means geothermal systems that use water directly or through a heat exchanger to provide— (A) heating and cooling to buildings, commercial districts, residential communities, and large municipal, or industrial projects; or (B) heat required for industrial processes, agriculture, aquaculture, and other facilities. (2) Economically distressed area
“economically distressed area” applies in that section
The term “economically distressed area” means an area described in section 3161(a) of this title . (3) Geothermal heat pump
“geothermal heat pump” applies in that section
The term “geothermal heat pump” means a system that provides heating and cooling by exchanging heat from shallow geology, groundwater, or surface water using— (A) a closed loop system, which transfers heat by way of buried or immersed pipes that contain a mix of water and working fluid; or (B) an open loop system, which circulates ground or surface water directly into the building and returns the water to the same aquifer or surface water source. (c) Program (1) In general The Secretary shall support within the Geothermal Technologies Office a program of research, development, and demonstration for geothermal heat pumps and the direct use of geothermal energy.
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means— (A) a utility; (B) an electric cooperative; (C) a State; (D) a political subdivision of a State; (E) an Indian tribe; or (F) a Native corporation. (2) High-cost region
“high-cost region” applies in that section
The term “high-cost region” means a region in which the average cost of electrical power or heat exceeds 150 percent of the national average retail cost, as determined by the Secretary. (b) Program The Secretary shall use amounts made available to carry out this section to make grants to eligible entities for activities described in subsection (c).
“eligible entity” applies throughout its part
The term “eligible entity” means any of the following entities: (A) An institution of higher education. (B) A National Laboratory. (C) A Federal research agency. (D) A State research agency. (E) A nonprofit research organization. (F) An industrial entity or a multi-institutional consortium thereof. (2) Institution of higher education
“institution of higher education” applies throughout its part
The term “institution of higher education” means— (A) an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001(a) of title 20 ); or (B) a postsecondary vocational institution (as defined in section 1002(c) of title 20 ). (3) Marine energy
“marine energy” applies throughout its part
The term “marine energy” means energy from— (A) waves, tides, and currents in oceans, estuaries, and tidal areas; (B) free flowing water in rivers, lakes, streams, and man-made channels; (C) differentials in salinity and pressure gradients; and (D) differentials in water temperature, including ocean thermal energy conversion. (4) National laboratory
“microgrid” applies throughout its part
The term “microgrid” has the meaning given such term in section 17231 of this title .
“National Laboratory” applies throughout its part
The term “National Laboratory” has the meaning given such term in section 15801(3) of this title . (5) Water power The term “water power” refers to hydropower, including conduit power, pumped storage, and marine energy technologies. (6) Microgrid
“battery recycling and second-life applications program” applies in that section
The term “battery recycling and second-life applications program” means the electric drive vehicle battery recycling and second-life applications program established under paragraph (3). (B) Critical material
“compressed air energy storage” applies in that section
The term “compressed air energy storage” means, in the case of an electricity grid application, the storage of energy through the compression of air. (3) Electric drive vehicle
“Council” applies in that section
The term “Council” means the Energy Storage Advisory Council established under subsection (e). (2) Compressed air energy storage
“critical material” applies in that section
The term “critical material” has the meaning given the term in section 1606(a) of title 30 . (C) Economically distressed area
“critical material recycling” applies in that section
The term “critical material recycling” means the separation and recovery of critical materials embedded within an energy storage system through physical or chemical means for the purpose of reuse of those critical materials in other technologies. (2) Establishment Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020 , the Secretary shall establish a research, development, and demonstration program for critical material recycling and reuse of energy storage systems containing critical materials.
“economically distressed area” applies in that section
The term “economically distressed area” means an area described in section 3161(a) of this title . (D) Electric drive vehicle battery
“electric drive 2 vehicle battery” applies in that section
The term “electric drive 2 vehicle battery” means any battery that is a motive power source for an electric drive vehicle. (E) Eligible entity
“electric drive vehicle” applies in that section
The term “electric drive vehicle” means— (A) a vehicle that uses an electric motor for all or part of the motive power of the vehicle, including battery electric, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, fuel cell, and plug-in fuel cell vehicles and rail transportation vehicles; or (B) mobile equipment that uses an electric motor to replace an internal combustion engine for all or part of the work of the equipment. (4) Islanding
“eligible entity” applies in that section
The term “eligible entity” means an entity described in any of paragraphs (1) through (5) of section 16353(b) of this title . (2) Program The Secretary shall carry out a program of research, development, and demonstration of— (A) second-life applications for electric drive vehicle batteries that have been used to power electric drive vehicles; and (B) technologies and processes for final recycling and disposal of the devices described in subparagraph (A).
“flywheel” applies in that section
The term “flywheel” means, in the case of an electricity grid application, a device used to store rotational kinetic energy. (6) Microgrid
“islanding” applies in that section
The term “islanding” means a distributed generator or energy storage device continuing to power a location in the absence of electric power from the primary source. (5) Flywheel
“microgrid” applies in that section
The term “microgrid” means an integrated energy system consisting of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (including generators and energy storage devices), which as an integrated system can operate in parallel with the utility grid or in an intentional islanding mode. (7) Self-healing grid
“self-healing grid” applies in that section
The term “self-healing grid” means a grid that is capable of automatically anticipating and responding to power system disturbances (including the isolation of failed sections and components), while optimizing the performance and service of the grid to customers. (8) Spinning reserve services
“spinning reserve services” applies in that section
The term “spinning reserve services” means a quantity of electric generating capacity in excess of the quantity needed to meet peak electric demand. (9) Ultracapacitor
“ultracapacitor” applies in that section
The term “ultracapacitor” means an energy storage device that has a power density comparable to a conventional capacitor but is capable of exceeding the energy density of a conventional capacitor by several orders of magnitude. (c) Program The Secretary shall carry out a research, development, and demonstration program to support the ability of the United States to remain globally competitive in energy storage systems for electric drive vehicles, stationary applications, and electricity transmission and distribution.
“eligible entity” applies in that section
the term “eligible entity” means— (i) a State energy office (as defined in section 15821(a) of this title ); (ii) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4103 of title 25 ; 1 (iii) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 3765 of title 38 ); (iv) an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001 of title 20 ); (v) an electric utility, including— (I) an electric cooperative; (II) a political subdivision of a State, such as a municipally owned electric utility, or any agency, authority, corporation, or instrumentality of a State political subdivision; and (III) an investor-owned utility; and (vi) a private energy storage company.
“energy storage system” applies in that section
The term “energy storage system” means any system, equipment, facility, or technology that— (A) is capable of absorbing or converting energy, storing the energy for a period of time, and dispatching the energy; and (B) (i) uses mechanical, electrochemical, thermal, electrolysis, or other processes to convert and store electric energy that was generated at an earlier time for use at a later time; (ii) uses mechanical, electrochemical, biochemical, or thermal processes to convert and store energy generated from mechanical processes that would otherwise be wasted, for delivery at a later time; or (iii) stores energy in an electric, thermal, or gaseous state for direct use for heating or …
“Initiative” applies in that section
The term “Initiative” means the demonstration initiative established under paragraph (2). (B) Joint Program
“Joint Program” applies in that section
The term “Joint Program” means the joint program established under paragraph (4). (2) Establishment of Initiative Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020 , the Secretary shall establish a demonstration initiative composed of demonstration projects focused on the development of long-duration energy storage technologies.
“program” applies in that section
The term “program” means the Energy Storage System Research, Development, and Deployment Program established under subsection (b)(1). (3) Secretary
“Secretary” applies in that section
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy. (b) Energy Storage System Research, Development, and Deployment Program (1) Establishment Not later than 180 days after December 27, 2020 , the Secretary shall establish a program, to be known as the Energy Storage System Research, Development, and Deployment Program.